Quantificação de danos causados por Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera:Thaumastocoridae) em eucalipto
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Data
2016-08-25
Autores
Junqueira, Luis Renato [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introduzido no início do século XX, o eucalipto, se adaptou bem a diversos locais no Brasil, sendo hoje o gênero florestal mais plantado no país. Dentre suas inúmeras utilizações, destacam-se a produção de celulose, papel, carvão e chapas de fibras. Desde o início dos anos 2000 houve a introdução de pragas exóticas, que devido à ausência competição e controle natural e presença de alimento e clima apropriados, tornaram-se problemas para os cultivos de eucalipto. Dentre as pragas introduzidas no país, destaca-se o percevejo bronzeado do eucalipto, Thaumastocoris peregrinus. Esta espécie teve sua detecção no Brasil em 2008 e desde então já atacou mais de 500 mil hectares de florestas. Contudo, ainda não existem informações consolidadas sobre as perdas ocasionas pelo seu ataque. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram quantificar a perda em produção de madeira causada por T. peregrinus sob duas situações: (1) utilizando-se como hospedeiro um mesmo clone em duas idades diferentes e (2) utilizando-se dois clones de eucalipto distintos em uma mesma idade. Para isolar o ataque de T. peregrinus os ensaios foram conduzidos em parcelas pareadas com aplicação de calda inseticida para proteger algumas parcelas de seu ataque. Para quantificar o impacto do ataque por T. peregrinus foram contados o número de insetos em folhas e armadilhas, mensuradas o crescimento em diâmetro e altura das árvores com posterior cálculo de volume. Os resultados mostraram redução em diâmetro, altura e volume devido ao ataque de T. peregrinus, com a técnica de aplicação de inseticidas pulverizados sendo mais eficiente que o método de drench. Como conclusões a perda potencial causada por T. peregrinus levando-se em consideração apenas um pico populacional da praga foi de R$ 1,4 mil/hectare.
Introduced in the early twentieth century, eucalypt has adapted well to different locations in Brazil, being the most planted genus in the country. Among its many uses, it highlights the production of pulp, paper, coal and fiberboard. Since early 2000s the introduction of exotic pests which encountered no competition or natural enemies and presence of food and suitable climate have become pests for eucalypt plantations. Among the main pests introduced in Brazil is the bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus. Its first detection in Brazil was in 2008 and since then it has attacked more than 500 thousands hectares of eucalypt forest. However, there are no consolidated information about growth losses caused by its attack. The objectives of this study were to quantify the loss in wood production caused by T. peregrinus in two situations: (1) using as a host the same material in two different ages and (2) using two different Eucalyptus materials in the same age. To isolate T. peregrinus attack the experiment were conducted in twin plots with insecticide spraying to protect trees from T. peregrinus attack. To quantify the impact caused by T. peregrinus attack the number of insects were counted on leaves and traps, the growth on diameter and height of trees were measured for subsequent volume calculation. The results showed a reduction in diameter, height and volume due to the attack of T. peregrinus. Insecticide spraying method got better results than drench method. As conclusions the potential loss caused by T. peregrinus taking into consideration only one pest outbreak was R$ 1.400, 00/ hectare.
Introduced in the early twentieth century, eucalypt has adapted well to different locations in Brazil, being the most planted genus in the country. Among its many uses, it highlights the production of pulp, paper, coal and fiberboard. Since early 2000s the introduction of exotic pests which encountered no competition or natural enemies and presence of food and suitable climate have become pests for eucalypt plantations. Among the main pests introduced in Brazil is the bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus. Its first detection in Brazil was in 2008 and since then it has attacked more than 500 thousands hectares of eucalypt forest. However, there are no consolidated information about growth losses caused by its attack. The objectives of this study were to quantify the loss in wood production caused by T. peregrinus in two situations: (1) using as a host the same material in two different ages and (2) using two different Eucalyptus materials in the same age. To isolate T. peregrinus attack the experiment were conducted in twin plots with insecticide spraying to protect trees from T. peregrinus attack. To quantify the impact caused by T. peregrinus attack the number of insects were counted on leaves and traps, the growth on diameter and height of trees were measured for subsequent volume calculation. The results showed a reduction in diameter, height and volume due to the attack of T. peregrinus. Insecticide spraying method got better results than drench method. As conclusions the potential loss caused by T. peregrinus taking into consideration only one pest outbreak was R$ 1.400, 00/ hectare.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Percevejo bronzeado, Injúria, Herbivoria, Controle, Bronze bug, Injury, Herbivory, Control