Doses e modos de aplicação de fósforo no estado nutricional e produtividade da cultura do milho
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Data
2016-09-16
Autores
Lemos, Evandro Freire [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A adubação fosfatada a lanço em relação às aplicações localizadas pode ser viável na cultura do milho cultivado em espaçamento reduzido, em solo com menor capacidade de adsorção de fósforo. Objetivou-se avaliar doses de fósforo e modos de aplicação na nutrição e na produtividade da cultura do milho, em duas safras. O experimento foi desenvolvido com a cultura do milho cultivado no município de Passos, Estado Minas Gerais, Brasil, em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo textura média. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o plantio em faixas com parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas referentes aos modos de aplicação P, sulco duplo, sulco simples e a lanço, e nas subparcelas as doses de 0,0; 50; 100; 200 e 400 kg ha-1 de P2O5, na forma de monoamônio fosfato (MAP) granulado e quatro repetições. O nitrogênio contido no MAP foi equilibrado entre os tratamentos. As doses de P foram reaplicadas no segundo ano de cultivo apenas para os tratamentos localizados (sulco simples e duplo). Avaliaram-se o teor de P no solo e na folha, o acúmulo do nutriente na planta e a produtividade do milho em duas safras. O modo de adubação de fósforo a lanço, aplicado apenas no primeiro ano, na dose estimada de 319 kg ha-1 de P2O5 é viável para a cultura do milho cultivado em espaçamento reduzido e em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo textura média, pois proporcionou maior produtividade acumulada nas duas safras.
The broadcast spread phosphate regarding to in loco ones may be feasible on corn crop planted in narrowed spacing in lower P adsorption capacity soil. This study aimed at to evaluate phosphate doses and spread methods on corn plant nutrition and grain yield, in two growing season. The experiment was developed on corn crop grown in Passos city, Minas Gerais state - Brazil, in an Oxisol medium texture. The experimental design was stripes with split plots, having as plots the spread methods double furrow, simple furrow and broadcast spread; as subplots the doses of 0.0; 50; 100; 200 and 400 kg ha-1 of P2O5 as granulated monoammonium phosphate (MAP), with four replications. The P doses were reapplied in the second cultivation year only for localized treatments (single and double furrow). The nitrogen in the MAP was balanced among treatments. The corn grain yield in both years was dependent on phosphate doses and spread methods; specially simple furrow and broadcast spread, although it has not presented interaction with nutritional status and nutrient accumulation by the crop in the second year. The phosphate fertilizer broadcast spread method applied just in the first year at a dose of 319 kg ha-1 of P2O5 is feasible for the corn grown in reduced spacing in medium texture Oxisol, since it provided greater accumulated grain yield the two seasons.
The broadcast spread phosphate regarding to in loco ones may be feasible on corn crop planted in narrowed spacing in lower P adsorption capacity soil. This study aimed at to evaluate phosphate doses and spread methods on corn plant nutrition and grain yield, in two growing season. The experiment was developed on corn crop grown in Passos city, Minas Gerais state - Brazil, in an Oxisol medium texture. The experimental design was stripes with split plots, having as plots the spread methods double furrow, simple furrow and broadcast spread; as subplots the doses of 0.0; 50; 100; 200 and 400 kg ha-1 of P2O5 as granulated monoammonium phosphate (MAP), with four replications. The P doses were reapplied in the second cultivation year only for localized treatments (single and double furrow). The nitrogen in the MAP was balanced among treatments. The corn grain yield in both years was dependent on phosphate doses and spread methods; specially simple furrow and broadcast spread, although it has not presented interaction with nutritional status and nutrient accumulation by the crop in the second year. The phosphate fertilizer broadcast spread method applied just in the first year at a dose of 319 kg ha-1 of P2O5 is feasible for the corn grown in reduced spacing in medium texture Oxisol, since it provided greater accumulated grain yield the two seasons.
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Palavras-chave
Adubação fosfatada, Diagnose foliar, Lanço, Sulco simples, Sulco duplo, Phosphate fertilizing, Leaf diagnosis, Broadcast spread, Double furrow, Simple furrow