Análise experimental do desempenho térmico de um sistema acoplado de coletores solares planos
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Data
2016-12-16
Autores
Pansanato, Cristiano [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A busca mundial for fontes de energia que garantam um crescimento sustentável tem marcado o século XXI. Nesse cenário, o Brasil é beneficiado, com diversas fontes de energias viáveis nas condições atuais e outras promissoras num cenário de médio e longo prazo. A utilização da energia solar convertida em energia térmica ou elétrica apresenta-se como uma destas alternativas. Explorar a energia solar de forma viável economicamente e melhorar a eficiência de captação e transformação são os grandes desafios que se apresentam. Neste contexto, este estudo se propôs a analisar experimentalmente o desempenho de um Sistema Acoplado, composto por coletores planos com e sem cobertura. O objetivo é reduzir o custo de implantação de um sistema de aquecimento, uma vez que o os coletores sem cobertura são mais baratos. Além disso, dependendo das características de implantação, é ainda possível aumentar a eficiência global do sistema através de um pré-aquecimento da água no coletor sem cobertura, aproveitando a maior eficiência térmica para temperaturas de operação próximas a do ambiente. Para estudo do Sistema Acoplado, um outro sistema composto apenas por coletores com cobertura foi montado e denominado Sistema Simples. Desta forma, com os dois aparatos montados e devidamente instrumentados foi possível obter resultados para as mesmas condições ambientais de teste. Assim, diversos esquemas de controle também puderam ser testados e analisados tanto na operação do Sistema Acoplado como do Sistema Simples. Resultados comparativos avaliando as condições de saída, energia útil e armazenada e eficiências térmicas foram apresentados e comparados para os dois sistemas.
The global search for energy sources that ensure sustainable growth has marked the 21st century. In this scenario, Brazil is benefited, with several viable sources of energy under current conditions and other promising sources in a medium and long-term scenario. The use of solar energy converted into thermal or electric ones presents itself as one of these alternatives. Using solar energy in a cost-effective way and improving the performance for capturing and transforming are the major challenges nowadays. In this context, this study proposed to analyze experimentally the performance of a Coupled System, composed by glazed and unglazed flat collectors. The purpose of this system is to reduce the installation costs of a heating system, since the unglazed collectors are less expensive. In addition, depending on its implementation characteristics, it is possible to increase the overall efficiency of the system by preheating the water in an unglazed collector, taking advantage of its higher thermal efficiency at nearby operating and ambient temperatures. For analysis of Coupled System, another system composed only of glazed collectors was assembled and denominated as Simple System. In this way, with the two devices mounted and instrumented some results can be obtained for the same environmental test conditions. Thus, several control schemes could also be tested and analyzed in the operation of both systems. Comparative results evaluating the output conditions, useful and stored energy and thermal performances are presented and compared for the systems.
The global search for energy sources that ensure sustainable growth has marked the 21st century. In this scenario, Brazil is benefited, with several viable sources of energy under current conditions and other promising sources in a medium and long-term scenario. The use of solar energy converted into thermal or electric ones presents itself as one of these alternatives. Using solar energy in a cost-effective way and improving the performance for capturing and transforming are the major challenges nowadays. In this context, this study proposed to analyze experimentally the performance of a Coupled System, composed by glazed and unglazed flat collectors. The purpose of this system is to reduce the installation costs of a heating system, since the unglazed collectors are less expensive. In addition, depending on its implementation characteristics, it is possible to increase the overall efficiency of the system by preheating the water in an unglazed collector, taking advantage of its higher thermal efficiency at nearby operating and ambient temperatures. For analysis of Coupled System, another system composed only of glazed collectors was assembled and denominated as Simple System. In this way, with the two devices mounted and instrumented some results can be obtained for the same environmental test conditions. Thus, several control schemes could also be tested and analyzed in the operation of both systems. Comparative results evaluating the output conditions, useful and stored energy and thermal performances are presented and compared for the systems.
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Palavras-chave
Energia solar, Sistema solar de aquecimento de água, Análise experimental, Solar energy, Solar hot water system (SHWS), Experimental analysis