Bioética na reprodução humana assistida: os impactos éticos e emocionais no destino de embriões excedentários
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Data
2016-09-28
Autores
Machado, Cynthia Silva [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A ideia que versa essa dissertação é do esplêndido que a Reprodução Humana Assistida (RHA), traz a possibilidade de fazer um filho em um casal isento de fertilidade. Diante do que se percebe em termos de avanços da tecnociência do crescente número de casais em situação de infertilidade o foco desta pesquisa é a Doação de embriões criopreservados. Mormente existam em outros países leis específicas que regulem a RHA, o Brasil dispõe apenas de uma Lei da engenharia genética - Lei de Biossegurança, n. 11.105, 24/03/2005, o que faz com que profissionais da área se deparem com diversos desafios éticos. Há de se ressaltar, que polêmicas quanto à valoração do embrião em toda a sociedade brasileira permeiam está seara, mais especificamente, a questão da pesquisa com célulastronco embrionárias. É ainda ressaltante dizer da escassez de pesquisas e publicações nesta área, em especial, no que diz respeito às implicações emocionais da Doação de embriões. Para tanto, os objetivos desta pesquisa perfazem a compreensão dos aspectos bioéticos envolvidos na problemática da Reprodução Humana Assistida, bem como o estudo dos aspectos éticos vividos pela Equipe Técnico-administrativa de uma Clínica de Reprodução Humana do Estado de São Paulo, responsável pelo tratamento de Reprodução Humana Assistida de casais que tiveram embriões excedentários após serem submetidos ao tratamento de Fertilização in vitro e a reflexão sobre a dimensão subjetiva vivida pela Equipe Técnico-administrativa de uma Clínica de Reprodução Humana do Estado de São Paulo, responsável pelo tratamento de Reprodução Humana Assistida de casais que tiveram embriões excedentários após serem submetidos ao tratamento de Fertilização in vitro. Sendo a metodologia utilizada neste estudo a abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, bibliográfica, documental, exploratória e de campo, tendo como método o hermenêutico-dialético e a pesquisa de campo com a Equipe Técnico-administrativa da Clínica supracitada. Ao que se chega ao final deste estudo nada mais são que (in)conclusões, pois por certo muitos questionamentos éticos se abrem ao se desvelar o universo pesquisado: a Doação de embriões. O vínculo estabelecido ente o casal com os embriões excedentes criopreservados permeia o processo de decisão do casal quanto ao destino destes, marcado por incertezas, temores e sentimentos de solidariedade, aliado a isto está o fato de que a contemporaneidade representa um modo de viver em que a fluidez de valores é ressaltada, a fragilidade e transitoriedade dos laços afetivos são preponderantes. É forçoso ainda dizer que a importância do pensamento foi apreciada durante todo o percurso e no desfecho deste estudo optou-se por enfatizar quão poderoso ele é. Haja vista que as proposições ou sugestões vislumbram, antes de mais nada, “o Pensar” no sentido da elaboração como saída para quem vivencia a angústia da tomada de Decisão do que fazer com os seus embriões.
The idea that discusses dissertation is from the splendid which the Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR) brings: the possibility of a child in free couple fertility. Given what is perceived in terms of advances of techno science of the growing number of couples in infertility situation, the focus of this research is the cry preserved embryo donation. Especially exist in other countries, specific laws that govern the RHA, Brazil has only a law of genetic engineering - Insecurity Law, n.11.105, 24/03/2005 - with the result that health professionals are experiencing with several ethical challenges. It is noteworthy that controversies regarding the valuation of the embryo in Brazilian society permeate this harvest, more specifically the issue of research with embryonic stem cells. It is also remarking to say the lack of research and publications in this area, particularly with regard to the emotional implications of the donation of embryos. Therefore, the objectives of this research account for the understanding of bioethical issues involved in the issue of Assisted Human Reproduction, and the study of ethical issues experienced by Technical and Administrative Team of a Human Reproduction Clinic of São Paulo, responsible for handling Assisted Human reproduction of couples who have surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of in vitro fertilization and reflection on the subjective dimension lived by Technical and Administrative Team of a Human reproduction Clinic of São Paulo, responsible for the treatment of Assisted Human Reproduction of couples who had surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of fertilization in vitro and reflection on the subjective dimension experienced by the Technical and Administrative Team of a clinic of Human Reproduction of São Paulo State, responsible for the treatment of Assisted Human Reproduction of couples who had surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of fertilization in vitro. Being the used methodology in this study, a qualitative approach, descriptive, bibliographic, documental, exploratory and field, having as a method the dialectic-hermeneutic and the field research had the medical staff of the aforementioned Clinic. Conclusions are the ending of this study because surely many ethical questions open to unfold the universe surveyed: the Donation of embryos. The established link between the couple with cry preserved surplus embryos permeates the couple's decision making about the fate of these, marked by uncertainties, fears and feelings of solidarity, coupled with this is the fact that the contemporary world is a way of life in which the fluidity values is emphasized, the fragility and transience of emotional ties are crucial. It must also say that the importance of the thought was appreciated throughout the course and the outcome of this study was chosen to emphasize how powerful it is. Considering that the propositions or suggestions in sight, before anything else, "the Thinking" in the sense of preparation as output for those who experience the anguish of the decision-making than doing with their embryos.
The idea that discusses dissertation is from the splendid which the Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR) brings: the possibility of a child in free couple fertility. Given what is perceived in terms of advances of techno science of the growing number of couples in infertility situation, the focus of this research is the cry preserved embryo donation. Especially exist in other countries, specific laws that govern the RHA, Brazil has only a law of genetic engineering - Insecurity Law, n.11.105, 24/03/2005 - with the result that health professionals are experiencing with several ethical challenges. It is noteworthy that controversies regarding the valuation of the embryo in Brazilian society permeate this harvest, more specifically the issue of research with embryonic stem cells. It is also remarking to say the lack of research and publications in this area, particularly with regard to the emotional implications of the donation of embryos. Therefore, the objectives of this research account for the understanding of bioethical issues involved in the issue of Assisted Human Reproduction, and the study of ethical issues experienced by Technical and Administrative Team of a Human Reproduction Clinic of São Paulo, responsible for handling Assisted Human reproduction of couples who have surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of in vitro fertilization and reflection on the subjective dimension lived by Technical and Administrative Team of a Human reproduction Clinic of São Paulo, responsible for the treatment of Assisted Human Reproduction of couples who had surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of fertilization in vitro and reflection on the subjective dimension experienced by the Technical and Administrative Team of a clinic of Human Reproduction of São Paulo State, responsible for the treatment of Assisted Human Reproduction of couples who had surplus embryos after being subjected to the treatment of fertilization in vitro. Being the used methodology in this study, a qualitative approach, descriptive, bibliographic, documental, exploratory and field, having as a method the dialectic-hermeneutic and the field research had the medical staff of the aforementioned Clinic. Conclusions are the ending of this study because surely many ethical questions open to unfold the universe surveyed: the Donation of embryos. The established link between the couple with cry preserved surplus embryos permeates the couple's decision making about the fate of these, marked by uncertainties, fears and feelings of solidarity, coupled with this is the fact that the contemporary world is a way of life in which the fluidity values is emphasized, the fragility and transience of emotional ties are crucial. It must also say that the importance of the thought was appreciated throughout the course and the outcome of this study was chosen to emphasize how powerful it is. Considering that the propositions or suggestions in sight, before anything else, "the Thinking" in the sense of preparation as output for those who experience the anguish of the decision-making than doing with their embryos.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bioética, Reprodução humana assistida, Doação de embriões, Bioethics, Assisted human reproduction, Embryo donation