Mudanças no uso e na cobertura da terra em municípios do Pontal do Paranapanema de 1984 a 2014
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-09-19
Autores
Criado, Rodrigo Cezar [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As transformações ocorridas em uma sociedade, tanto econômicas quanto sociais, refletem na forma como ela se estrutura, em especial, na forma como ela se relaciona com a natureza. Em diferentes épocas do desenvolvimento social a dinâmica econômica impõe, sobre a natureza, diferentes tipos de uso e cobertura da terra. Essa dinâmica que ocorre no mundo todo pode ser melhor descrita com base em estudos localizados, como ocorreu com o oeste do estado de São Paulo, região que passou por grandes transformações em curto período de tempo, dentre elas destaca-se a frente pioneira, a qual transformou a vegetação nativa em pastagens e lavoura. O latifúndio pecuarista tinha como objetivo a criação de gado de corte e a especulação fundiária, fato que desencadeou as ações dos movimentos sociais de luta pela reforma agrária. O desenvolvimento econômico impõe ao meio ambiente as necessidades humanas, como a construção de lagos para as hidrelétricas, pontes, estradas, cidades, dentre outras. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as transformações ocorridas no uso e cobertura da terra nos municípios de Euclides da Cunha Paulista, Rosana e Teodoro Sampaio, localizados no Pontal do Paranapanema – SP, no período de 1984 a 2014. Os mapeamentos foram realizados em intervalos de 10 anos com base nas imagens do satélite LANDSAT e com a utilização de aplicativos SIG. Após a realização do mapeamento os dados foram processados e gerados mapas de ganho/manutenção/perda de área para os tipos de uso e cobertura da terra existentes na área objeto de estudo, foi possível perceber a diminuição da vegetação nativa, grandes áreas destinadas a pecuária sendo substituídas por assentamentos, o aumento do espelho d’água com o enchimento de dois grandes reservatórios e a expansão da monocultura da cana-de-açúcar.
The changes a society goes through, either economic or social ones, always reflect the way it is structured, specially, when it comes to its relation to the environment. In different moments of the social development, the economy dynamic has imposed different ways of use and land cover. That dynamic is better describe when there are local studies, as the one carried out in the west of São Paulo State, a region which has undergone huge transformations in a short period of time, such as the one performed by a groups of pioneers who turned native vegetation into pasture and crops. The deforestation followed by fire was a common practice stimulated by the government at that time. The next economic dynamic was ruled by cattleman in large areas of land, the aim was cattle raising and agrarian speculation. This last fact unleashed several social movements fighting for land reform. Social development imposes human needs to the environment, such as building lakes for dams, bridges, roads, cities, among others. Therefore, this research intends to analyse and better understand the changes occured in the land use and cover in the cities of Euclides da Cunha Paulista, Rosana e Teodoro Sampaio, located in Pontal do Paranapanema-SP, from 1984 to 2014. That done by mapping the area with interval of 10 years based on the images collected by the satellite LANDSAT, as well as making use of a GIS application: ArcGis. After the mapping stage, data was processed by the module Land Change Modeler (LCM) which is part of the GIS application Idrisi. Maps of area gain/maintenance/loss were created for each type of land use and cover existing in the area which is object of this study, those make clear the reduction in the native vegetation; large areas dedicated to catlle raising being replaced by settlements; an enlargement of the water mirror due to the filling of two big water reservoirs and the expansion of sugar-cane monoculture.
The changes a society goes through, either economic or social ones, always reflect the way it is structured, specially, when it comes to its relation to the environment. In different moments of the social development, the economy dynamic has imposed different ways of use and land cover. That dynamic is better describe when there are local studies, as the one carried out in the west of São Paulo State, a region which has undergone huge transformations in a short period of time, such as the one performed by a groups of pioneers who turned native vegetation into pasture and crops. The deforestation followed by fire was a common practice stimulated by the government at that time. The next economic dynamic was ruled by cattleman in large areas of land, the aim was cattle raising and agrarian speculation. This last fact unleashed several social movements fighting for land reform. Social development imposes human needs to the environment, such as building lakes for dams, bridges, roads, cities, among others. Therefore, this research intends to analyse and better understand the changes occured in the land use and cover in the cities of Euclides da Cunha Paulista, Rosana e Teodoro Sampaio, located in Pontal do Paranapanema-SP, from 1984 to 2014. That done by mapping the area with interval of 10 years based on the images collected by the satellite LANDSAT, as well as making use of a GIS application: ArcGis. After the mapping stage, data was processed by the module Land Change Modeler (LCM) which is part of the GIS application Idrisi. Maps of area gain/maintenance/loss were created for each type of land use and cover existing in the area which is object of this study, those make clear the reduction in the native vegetation; large areas dedicated to catlle raising being replaced by settlements; an enlargement of the water mirror due to the filling of two big water reservoirs and the expansion of sugar-cane monoculture.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Uso e cobertura da terra, Land Chang Modeler, Sensoriamento Remoto, Geoprocessamento, Pontal do Paranapanema, Land use and cover, Remote sensing, Geoprocessing