Lipocalina associada à gelatinase de neutrófilos como biomarcador de lesão tubular ativa em cães com doença renal crônica naturalmente adquirida
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Data
2017-02-03
Autores
Alves, Marcelo Augusto Moraes Koury [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A doença renal crônica (DRC) apresenta caráter progressivo e irreversível e muitos dos fatores envolvidos na sua progressão, comprometem primariamente os túbulos renais. Com finalidade de detectar precocemente as lesões tubulares, novos biomarcadores têm sido pesquisados. Dentre estes, destaca-se a Lipocalina Associada à Gelatinase de Neutrófilos (NGAL). Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a excreção urinária de NGAL com o propósito de identificar a ocorrência de lesão tubular ativa (LTA) em cães com DRC naturalmente adquirida. Foram estudados 87 cães adultos, sem distinção de gênero ou de raça (15 sadios, 18 em risco de desenvolver DRC e 54 com DRC nos estádios 1, 2, 3 e 4 – IRIS staging of CKD - 2015), atendidos no Hospital Veterinário - Unesp – campus de Jaboticabal. Foram avaliados biomarcadores tradicionais e as concentrações de NGAL urinária (uNGAL) e sérica (sNGAL). Os resultados de uNGAL foram ajustados pelos respectivos fatores de concentração urinária (uNGAL.FCU). Os resultados foram inicialmente analisados considerando os seis grupos e posteriormente para comparação entre os 15 sadios, os 41 DRC e os 13 DRC com uNGAL.FCU sugestivo de LTA (LTADRC). Os resultados indicaram que a uNGAL ajustada (uNGAL.FCU), pode servir como indicador de agravamento das lesões renais precocemente em relação à concentração sérica de creatinina, que é o mais utilizado dentre os biomarcadores tradicionais. Quanto à sNGAL, houve aumento gradativo relacionado à progressão da DRC em oposição à uNGAL.FCU, que diminuiu. Assim, a sNGAL parece ser mais relevante como um indicador do agravamento das complicações extrarrenais associadas à uremia crônica grave. Pacientes com uNGAL.FCU muito aumentada (grupo LTADRC), em comparação aos DRC (uNGAL.FCU com variação não significativa), se destacam pela maior ocorrência de proteinúria intensa e de hipertensão, sem aumentos relevantes de outros indicadores ou biomarcadores de DRC. Estes achados reforçam a importância da proteinúria e da hipertensão no agravamento das lesões renais, sem descartar outras causas de LTA na DRC.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition, and many of the factors involved in its progression, primarily compromise the renal tubules. To detect tubular injury, new early biomarkers have been investigated. Among them, Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) stands out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the urinary excretion of NGAL, to identify the occurrence of active tubular injury (ATI) in dogs with naturally acquired CKD. A total of 87 adult dogs, regardless of gender or breed (15 healthy, 18 at risk of developing CKD and 54 with CKD stages 1, 2, 3 or 4 – IRIS staging of CKD - 2015), were studied at the Veterinary Hospital - Unesp - Jaboticabal campus. Traditional biomarkers and NGAL concentrations in urine (uNGAL) and serum (sNGAL) were evaluated. The results of uNGAL were adjusted by the respective urinary concentration factors (uNGAL.UCF). The results were initially analyzed considering the six groups, and later for comparison between the 15 healthy, 41 DRC and 13 DRC with uNGAL.UCF suggestive of ATI (ATICKD). The results indicated that adjusted uNGAL (uNGAL.UCF) may serve as an indicator of aggravation of renal damage early in relation to serum creatinine concentration, which is the most used among the traditional biomarkers. Regarding sNGAL, there was a gradual increase related to the progression of CKD, in opposition to uNGAL.UCF, which decreased. Thus, sNGAL appears to be more relevant as an indicator of the extrarenal complications associated with severe chronic uremia. Patients with increased uNGAL.UCF (ATICKD group), compared to CKD group (non-significant changes in uNGAL.UCF), are notable for the higher occurrence of severe proteinuria and hypertension, without significant increases in other indicators or biomarkers of CKD. These findings reinforce the importance of proteinuria and hypertension in aggravating renal lesions, without ruling out other causes of ATI on CKD.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition, and many of the factors involved in its progression, primarily compromise the renal tubules. To detect tubular injury, new early biomarkers have been investigated. Among them, Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) stands out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the urinary excretion of NGAL, to identify the occurrence of active tubular injury (ATI) in dogs with naturally acquired CKD. A total of 87 adult dogs, regardless of gender or breed (15 healthy, 18 at risk of developing CKD and 54 with CKD stages 1, 2, 3 or 4 – IRIS staging of CKD - 2015), were studied at the Veterinary Hospital - Unesp - Jaboticabal campus. Traditional biomarkers and NGAL concentrations in urine (uNGAL) and serum (sNGAL) were evaluated. The results of uNGAL were adjusted by the respective urinary concentration factors (uNGAL.UCF). The results were initially analyzed considering the six groups, and later for comparison between the 15 healthy, 41 DRC and 13 DRC with uNGAL.UCF suggestive of ATI (ATICKD). The results indicated that adjusted uNGAL (uNGAL.UCF) may serve as an indicator of aggravation of renal damage early in relation to serum creatinine concentration, which is the most used among the traditional biomarkers. Regarding sNGAL, there was a gradual increase related to the progression of CKD, in opposition to uNGAL.UCF, which decreased. Thus, sNGAL appears to be more relevant as an indicator of the extrarenal complications associated with severe chronic uremia. Patients with increased uNGAL.UCF (ATICKD group), compared to CKD group (non-significant changes in uNGAL.UCF), are notable for the higher occurrence of severe proteinuria and hypertension, without significant increases in other indicators or biomarkers of CKD. These findings reinforce the importance of proteinuria and hypertension in aggravating renal lesions, without ruling out other causes of ATI on CKD.
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Palavras-chave
NGAL urinária, NGAL sérica, Doença renal, Nefropatia crônica, Cão, Urinary NGAL, Serum NGAL, Kidney disease, Chronic nephropathy, Dog