Tratamento de manipueira concomitante à produção de tomate, através de sistema integrado RAHLF (Reator Anaeróbio Horizontal de Leito Fixo) e fertirrigação subsuperficial
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Data
2016-11-25
Autores
Mendonça, Valdenia Cristina Mendes [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A produção da farinha de mandioca gera manipueira, efluente rico em matéria orgânica, que causa sérios problemas ambientais quando descartada de forma inadequada. Para contribuir com a reversão dessa realidade, desenvolveu-se esta pesquisa com o objetivo de tratar a manipueira em sistemas integrados RAHLF concomitante à produção de tomates com fertirrigação subsuperficial. Os Sistemas de Tratamento Anaeróbio Horizontal de Fertirrigação Subsuperficial (TAHFS) foram implantados em floreiras, que possuíam uma área em seu leito, onde atuou o Reator Anaeróbio Horizontal de Leito Fixo, com pedra brita, manipueira e bactérias anaeróbias sobrepostas. Os TAHFS foram alimentados em fluxo hidráulico contínuo, diariamente, com três diferentes concentrações de entrada da manipueira, 5.000, 10.000 e 15.000 mg.L-1 e três Tempos de Detenção Hidráulica (TDH), 3,5; 7 e 10,5 dias. Desenvolveu-se atividades de caracterização do efluente, monitoramento e desempenho dos sistemas, semanalmente, durante 60 dias através de análises semanais de temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, ácidos voláteis, alcalinidade a bicarbonato, alcalinidade total, turbidez, sólidos sedimentáveis, sólidos totais, sólidos voláteis, sólidos fixos, DQO e cianeto. Realizou-se também análises físico-química do solo para determinar influência da fertirrigação no mesmo. O efluente tratado em todos os TAHFS apresentou, no geral, redução de mais de 90% de DQO. O TAHFS C15.000/TDH10,5 destacou-se dentre os demais por ter apresentado elevados valores de remoção de DQO, turbidez e sólidos. Os sistemas apresentaram comportamento estável em relação à AV/AT, sugerindo suportarem cargas orgânicas volumétricas mais elevadas. Os TAHFS proporcionaram aumento dos teores de P e Mg além da manutenção da matéria orgânica e do pH no solo. O TAHFS mostrou-se como uma alternativa viável para tratamento anaeróbio de manipueira com produção de tomates.
The production of cassava flour generates manipueira, an effluent rich in organic matter, which causes serious environmental problems when improperly discarded. In order to contribute to the reversal of this reality, this manipueira treatment research developed through integrated horizontal anaerobic system fixed bed (HAFB) and sub-surface fertigation, concomitant to the production of tomatoes. The Treatment Systems Anaerobic Horizontal Fertigation Subsurface (TAHFS) were implanted in flowerpots, which had an area in his bed, where he Reactor Horizontal Anaerobic Fixed Bed with crushed stone, Manipueira - with variable organic load - and bacteria anaerobic overlapping. The TAHFS were fed in continuous hydraulic flow daily with three different concentrations input of cassava, 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000 mg L-1 and three hydraulic retention times (HRT), 3.5; 7 and 10.5 days. Effluent characterization, monitoring and performance systems activities were carried, weekly for 60 days through temperature analysis, pH, electrical conductivity, volatile acids, bicarbonate alkalinity, total alkalinity, turbidity, settleable solids, total solids, volatile solids, fixed solids, COD and cyanide. It was also made up soil physical-chemical analysis to determine the influence of fertigation on it. The treated effluent in all TAHFS presented overall reduction of more than 90% of COD. The TAHFS C15.000/TDH10,5 stood out among the other for introducing high COD removal values, turbidity, total solids, total fixed solids, total volatile solids and settleable solids. The systems showed stable behavior in relation to AV/AT, suggesting withstand higher volumetric organic loads. TAHFS provided increased P and Mg contents in addition to the maintenance of organic matter and soil pH. TAHFS has been shown to be a viable alternative for anaerobic treatment of manipueira with tomato production.
The production of cassava flour generates manipueira, an effluent rich in organic matter, which causes serious environmental problems when improperly discarded. In order to contribute to the reversal of this reality, this manipueira treatment research developed through integrated horizontal anaerobic system fixed bed (HAFB) and sub-surface fertigation, concomitant to the production of tomatoes. The Treatment Systems Anaerobic Horizontal Fertigation Subsurface (TAHFS) were implanted in flowerpots, which had an area in his bed, where he Reactor Horizontal Anaerobic Fixed Bed with crushed stone, Manipueira - with variable organic load - and bacteria anaerobic overlapping. The TAHFS were fed in continuous hydraulic flow daily with three different concentrations input of cassava, 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000 mg L-1 and three hydraulic retention times (HRT), 3.5; 7 and 10.5 days. Effluent characterization, monitoring and performance systems activities were carried, weekly for 60 days through temperature analysis, pH, electrical conductivity, volatile acids, bicarbonate alkalinity, total alkalinity, turbidity, settleable solids, total solids, volatile solids, fixed solids, COD and cyanide. It was also made up soil physical-chemical analysis to determine the influence of fertigation on it. The treated effluent in all TAHFS presented overall reduction of more than 90% of COD. The TAHFS C15.000/TDH10,5 stood out among the other for introducing high COD removal values, turbidity, total solids, total fixed solids, total volatile solids and settleable solids. The systems showed stable behavior in relation to AV/AT, suggesting withstand higher volumetric organic loads. TAHFS provided increased P and Mg contents in addition to the maintenance of organic matter and soil pH. TAHFS has been shown to be a viable alternative for anaerobic treatment of manipueira with tomato production.
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Palavras-chave
Biodigestão, Resíduo líquido, Mandioca, Biodigestion, Liquid waste, Cassava