Influência do armazenamento de ramas para plantio em algumas características agronômicas da mandioca
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Data
1995-01-01
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Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
Nas condições do Estado de São Paulo é freqüente o armazenamento de ramas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) para aguardar a melhor oportunidade de efetuar o plantio. Utilizam-se os sistemas de empilhamento horizontal e vertical, sendo mais comum o primeiro. Raramente, empregam-se ramas recém-colhidas para plantio. 0 presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o efeito do material de plantio em alguns parâmetros fitotécnicos da cultura, em função dos diferentes estádios fisiológicos causados pelo armazenamento ou não das ramas. Num esquema fatorial de 2 x 3, em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, utilizaram-se dois cultivares - IAC 12-829 e SRT 1287-Fibra, de alta e baixa capacidade de ramificação respectivamente - e três tipos de manivas, originárias de ramas recém-colhidas e de ramas conservadas por 105 dias nos sistemas de empilhamento horizontal e vertical. O experimento foi desenvolvido no ano agrícola 1991/92, na Estação Experimental do Vale do Paranapanema (IAC), Assis (SP), em latossolo vermelho-escuro, álico, textura média. Os resultados mais relevantes mostraram que: (a) O armazenamento de ramas em pilhas horizontais provocou aumento no número de hastes primárias dos dois cultivares e aumentou o peso da parte aérea do SRT 1287-Fibra; (b) O SRT 1287-Fibra foi mais influenciado pelo armazenamento da rama na posição horizontal que o IAC 12-829; (c) Este, em média, foi superior na produção de raízes, não diferindo, entretanto, do primeiro quando as manivas provinham de ramas armazenadas na posição horizontal; (d) As ramas procedentes do armazenamento na posição vertical comportaram-se similarmente às não armazenadas.
While weather is not appropriate for cassava planting, growers in the State of São Paulo, usually keep their planting material (stems) stored in different ways. It is used the horizontal or vertical heaping systems, being the first one more common. The use of the fresh-harvested stem for planting is rare. The objective of this work was to evaluate the storage systems, and none storage, of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) stems on some agronomic and physiological aspects. Two cultivars and three types of cuttings were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment in a randomized block design with four replications. The cultivars used were IAC 12-829 and SRT 1287-Fibra, with high and low ability of branching, respectively. The types of cuttings were originated from fresh-harvested stems and from stems stored for 105 days period in horizontal and vertical heaping systems. The experiment was carried out during the 1991/1992 season, at the Vale do Paranapanema Experimental Station, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Assis, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in a Allic Dark Red Latosol, medium texture. The results showed that: (a) the storage of the stems in horizontal position lead to an increase in the number of primary shoots of the two varieties and increased the weight of the aerial part of the SRT 1287-Fibra; (b) SRT 1287-Fibra cultivar was more influenced by the horizontal storage than the IAC 12-829; (c) IAC 12-829 had superior root production, without differing from the SRT 1287-Fibra when the cuttings were derived from the horizontal storage stems; (d) the storage in the vertical position had a similar behaviour as the fresh-harvested stems.
While weather is not appropriate for cassava planting, growers in the State of São Paulo, usually keep their planting material (stems) stored in different ways. It is used the horizontal or vertical heaping systems, being the first one more common. The use of the fresh-harvested stem for planting is rare. The objective of this work was to evaluate the storage systems, and none storage, of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) stems on some agronomic and physiological aspects. Two cultivars and three types of cuttings were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment in a randomized block design with four replications. The cultivars used were IAC 12-829 and SRT 1287-Fibra, with high and low ability of branching, respectively. The types of cuttings were originated from fresh-harvested stems and from stems stored for 105 days period in horizontal and vertical heaping systems. The experiment was carried out during the 1991/1992 season, at the Vale do Paranapanema Experimental Station, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Assis, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in a Allic Dark Red Latosol, medium texture. The results showed that: (a) the storage of the stems in horizontal position lead to an increase in the number of primary shoots of the two varieties and increased the weight of the aerial part of the SRT 1287-Fibra; (b) SRT 1287-Fibra cultivar was more influenced by the horizontal storage than the IAC 12-829; (c) IAC 12-829 had superior root production, without differing from the SRT 1287-Fibra when the cuttings were derived from the horizontal storage stems; (d) the storage in the vertical position had a similar behaviour as the fresh-harvested stems.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
mandioca, Manihot esculenta Crantz, armazenamento de ramas, número de hastes, produção de raízes, produção de parte aérea, cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz, stem storage, shoot number, root and aerial part production
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 54, n. 1, p. 143-150, 1995.