Caracterização da água da microbacia do córrego rico avaliada pelo índice de qualidade de água e de estado trófico
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Data
2010-08-01
Autores
Zanini, Helen L. H. T. [UNESP]
Amaral, Luiz A. do [UNESP]
Zanini, José R. [UNESP]
Tavares, Lucia H. S. [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola (SBEA)
Resumo
A avaliação do índice de qualidade da água (IQA) e do índice de estado trófico médio (IETm) pode subsidiar a formulação de planos de manejo e gestão de sistemas aquáticos. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a qualidade da água da microbacia do Córrego Rico, que abastece a cidade de Jaboticabal (SP), utilizando o IQA e IETm. As amostragens de água foram realizadas entre setembro-2007 e agosto-2008, em três pontos: a) em uma das nascentes; b) após a Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto de Monte Alto, e c) na captação de água para abastecimento público de Jaboticabal. As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos: temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, DBO5, nitrogênio total, fósforo total, turbidez, resíduo total, ortofosfato, clorofila-a e Escherichia coli. de acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que: a) as atividades antrópicas às margens do Córrego Rico reduzem a qualidade de sua água, durante os diferentes períodos do ano; b) os valores médios de IQA nos três pontos analisados apresentaram relação direta com os valores médios de IETm, porém ocorreu maior discriminação da qualidade da água pelo IETm, identificando diferentes graus de trofia para os pontos e períodos de amostragens; c) o IQA apresentou melhor diferenciação da qualidade da água entre pontos no período seco e o IETm diferenciou melhor no período chuvoso; d) o processo de autodepuração e/ou a confluência do Córrego Tijuco com o Córrego Rico contribuem para melhor qualidade da água, tornando-a adequada ao abastecimento urbano após tratamento convencional.
The evaluation of water quality index (WQI) and mean trophic state index (mTSI) may be useful for management and administration projects of water systems. Quality of water from the stream Rico micro-basin that supplies the town of Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, with fresh water has been evaluated, using WQI and mTSI. Collects were undertaken between September 2007 and August 2008, at three sites: a) one of the sources, b) after the Sewage Treatment Stations of Monte Alto city, and c) in the abstraction of water for public supply of Jaboticabal. It was analyzed the physical, chemical and microbiological variables of the water: temperature, pH, BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, turbidity, total residue, dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a. According to the results, it was concluded: (a) the anthropic activities developed in the neighborhood of the Rico Stream reduces the quality of the water during different times of the year; (b) the average values of WQI in three points analyzed showed a direct relationship with the average values of mTSI, but there was more discrimination of water quality by mTSI, identifying different trophic degrees for points and periods of sampling; (c) the WQI showed better differentiation of water quality in dry period and the mTSI showed better differentiations in the rainy season; (d) the natural depuration and the confluence of the Tijuco Stream with the Rico Stream contribute to better water quality, making it suitable for urban supply after conventional treatment.
The evaluation of water quality index (WQI) and mean trophic state index (mTSI) may be useful for management and administration projects of water systems. Quality of water from the stream Rico micro-basin that supplies the town of Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, with fresh water has been evaluated, using WQI and mTSI. Collects were undertaken between September 2007 and August 2008, at three sites: a) one of the sources, b) after the Sewage Treatment Stations of Monte Alto city, and c) in the abstraction of water for public supply of Jaboticabal. It was analyzed the physical, chemical and microbiological variables of the water: temperature, pH, BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, turbidity, total residue, dissolved oxygen, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a. According to the results, it was concluded: (a) the anthropic activities developed in the neighborhood of the Rico Stream reduces the quality of the water during different times of the year; (b) the average values of WQI in three points analyzed showed a direct relationship with the average values of mTSI, but there was more discrimination of water quality by mTSI, identifying different trophic degrees for points and periods of sampling; (c) the WQI showed better differentiation of water quality in dry period and the mTSI showed better differentiations in the rainy season; (d) the natural depuration and the confluence of the Tijuco Stream with the Rico Stream contribute to better water quality, making it suitable for urban supply after conventional treatment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
hydrographic basin, eutrophization, microbiology, physical and chemical variables, bacia hidrográfica, Eutrofização, Microbiologia, variáveis físicas químicas
Como citar
Engenharia Agrícola. Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, v. 30, n. 4, p. 732-741, 2010.