Ecologia morfofuncional de plântulas de espécies arbóreas da Estação Ecológica do Panga, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais
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Data
2004-06-01
Autores
Ressel, Kaila [UNESP]
Guilherme, Frederico A.G. [UNESP]
Schiavini, Ivan
Oliveira, Paulo E.
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo
Resumo
Realizou-se a classificação morfofuncional de plântulas de 122 espécies arbóreas da Estação Ecológica do Panga. Espécies de três formações florestais contíguas - mata de galeria, mata mesófila semidecídua e cerradão - tiveram suas plântulas classificadas segundo suas características cotiledonares de posição, textura e exposição. O estudo objetivou verificar se as espécies estudadas enquadravam-se no sistema de classificação utilizado e se existiria alguma relação entre os tipos morfofuncionais de plântulas com grupos sucessionais, síndrome de dispersão, peso das sementes, micro-habitat, sistemas sexuais, épocas de frutificação e relação entre a biomassa de raízes e partes aéreas. As espécies foram incluídas em cinco categorias, sendo 63 espécies do tipo fanero-epígeo-foliáceo (PEF), 20 fanero-epígeo-armazenador (PER), 10 fanero-hipógeo-armazenador (PHR), 28 cripto-hipógeo-armazenador (CHR) e apenas uma espécie do tipo cripto-epígeo-armazenador (CER). A classificação morfofuncional mostrou-se eficaz, representando praticamente todas as espécies. Não houve relações significativas dos grupos morfofuncionais com a síndrome de dispersão, época de frutificação, biomassa raiz/parte aérea ou local de ocorrência das espécies estudadas. Por outro lado, foi possível relacionar os grupos sucessionais, peso das sementes e os sistemas sexuais aos grupos morfofuncionais. Espécies pioneiras, em sua maioria com sementes pequenas e leves apresentaram quase exclusivamente plântulas PEF, enquanto espécies climácicas tolerantes à sombra, usualmente com um menor número de sementes maiores e com maior quantidade de reservas, apresentaram predominantemente plântulas CHR. Este tipo também foi predominante entre espécies dióicas. Os resultados demonstraram que, pelo menos no estágio inicial, a morfologia desempenha funções determinantes nos processos de desenvolvimento e estabelecimento das plântulas de espécies arbóreas.
The seedling functional morphology classification was used to study 122 tree species occurring at the Ecological Station of Panga, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. The tree species of three contiguous forest formations - gallery forest, semideciduous forest and cerradão - had their seedlings classified according to the position, texture and cotyledon exhibition. This study intended to verify if all the studied species would fit in a functional morphology classification system and if seedling morphology would have any relation with some ecological traits, such as successional group, type of dispersal, fruiting period, seed weight, habitat, sexual system, and root/stem biomass allocation. The species were subdivided into five categories: 63 species of the phanero-epigeal-foliaceous type (PEF), 20 phanero-epigeal-reserve type (PER), 10 phanero-hypogeal-reserve type (PHR), 28 crypto-hypogeal-reserve type (CHR) and only one species of the crypto-epigeal-reserve type (CER). The classification used was very effective, representing almost all the studied species. There were no significant relationships between functional morphology groups and type of dispersal, fruiting period, root/stem biomass or micro-habitat. on the other hand, significant relationships were found between successional groups, seed weight and sexual systems with seedling functional morphology categories. Pioneer species, mostly with small and light seeds, presented almost exclusively PEF seedlings, while shade tolerant climax species, which usually produce fewer and larger seeds with plenty of reserves, showed mostly CHR seedlings. This seedling type prevails also among the dioecious species. The results demonstrated that morphology has, at least in early stages, a determinant role in the processes of tree seedling establishment and development.
The seedling functional morphology classification was used to study 122 tree species occurring at the Ecological Station of Panga, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. The tree species of three contiguous forest formations - gallery forest, semideciduous forest and cerradão - had their seedlings classified according to the position, texture and cotyledon exhibition. This study intended to verify if all the studied species would fit in a functional morphology classification system and if seedling morphology would have any relation with some ecological traits, such as successional group, type of dispersal, fruiting period, seed weight, habitat, sexual system, and root/stem biomass allocation. The species were subdivided into five categories: 63 species of the phanero-epigeal-foliaceous type (PEF), 20 phanero-epigeal-reserve type (PER), 10 phanero-hypogeal-reserve type (PHR), 28 crypto-hypogeal-reserve type (CHR) and only one species of the crypto-epigeal-reserve type (CER). The classification used was very effective, representing almost all the studied species. There were no significant relationships between functional morphology groups and type of dispersal, fruiting period, root/stem biomass or micro-habitat. on the other hand, significant relationships were found between successional groups, seed weight and sexual systems with seedling functional morphology categories. Pioneer species, mostly with small and light seeds, presented almost exclusively PEF seedlings, while shade tolerant climax species, which usually produce fewer and larger seeds with plenty of reserves, showed mostly CHR seedlings. This seedling type prevails also among the dioecious species. The results demonstrated that morphology has, at least in early stages, a determinant role in the processes of tree seedling establishment and development.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
cerrado, cotilédones, ecologia, estabelecimento, plântulas, cerrado, cotyledons, ecology, establishment, seedling
Como citar
Brazilian Journal of Botany. Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo, v. 27, n. 2, p. 311-323, 2004.