Eficiência de nematoides entomopatogênicos e inseticidas químicos contra Sphenophorus levis e Leucothyreus sp. em cana-de-açúcar
Data
2012-03-01
Autores
Leite, Luís Garrigós
Tavares, Fernando Martins
Botelho, Paulo Sérgio Machado
Batista Filho, Antonio
Polanczyk, Ricardo Antonio [UNESP]
Schmidt, Fabio Silber
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos/UFG
Resumo
O bicudo-da-cana-de-açúcar, Sphenophorus levis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), é uma importante praga em canaviais do Estado de São Paulo. Suas larvas destroem o rizoma da planta, causando prejuízos de até 30 t ha-1 ano-1 de cana. Três experimentos de campo foram conduzidos para avaliar a eficácia de nematoides entomopatogênicos e de inseticidas químicos no controle do bicudo-da-cana-de-açúcar e do escarabeídeo Leucothyreus sp. O primeiro consistiu de 10 tratamentos: 1) tiametoxam (Actara 250WG) 500 g ha-1 de produto comercial (p.c.); 2) tiamethoxam 1,0 kg ha-1 p.c.; 3) tiametoxam 1,5 kg ha-1 p.c.; 4) Steinernema brazilense 10(8) juvenis infectivos (JI) ha-1 + tiametoxam 250 g ha-1 p.c.; 5) S. brazilense (10(8) JI ha-1) + tiametoxam 500 g ha-1 p.c.; 6) Heterorhabditis indica (10(8) JI ha-1) + tiametoxam 250 g ha-1 p.c.; 7) H. indica (10(8) JI ha-1) + tiametoxam 500 g ha-1 p.c.; 8) S. brazilense (10(8) JI ha-1); 9) H. indica (10(8) JI ha-1); e 10) Testemunha. No segundo, foram considerados cinco tratamentos: 1) tiametoxam (Actara 250WG) 800 g ha-1 p.c.; 2) fipronil (Regente 800WG) 250 g ha-1 p.c.; 3) S. brazilense (10(8) JI ha-1); 4) S. brazilense (10(8) JI ha-1) + tiametoxam (Actara 250WG) 200 g ha-1 p.c.; e 5) Testemunha. O terceiro incluiu todos os tratamentos do segundo experimento, mais a mistura S. brazilense (10(8) JI ha-1) + fipronil (Regente 800WG) 62,5 g ha-1 p.c. Todos os tratamentos com inseticidas e nematoides proporcionaram maior produção de cana, quando comparados às respectivas testemunhas, que foram mais danificadas por S. levis, mas sem diferenças significativas. O nematoide S. brazilense foi mais eficaz no controle deste inseto, quando comparado com H. indica, mas sem diferenças significativas. S. brazilense proporcionou 50% de controle das larvas de Leucothyreus sp., e os melhores tratamentos para controle deste inseto foram as misturas do nematoide com fipronil (78%) e tiametoxam (83%).
The sugarcane billbug, Sphenophorus levis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), is an important pest of sugarcane crops in the São Paulo State, Brazil. Their larvae damage plants rhizome, causing losses of up to 30 t ha-1 year-1 of sugarcane. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes and chemical insecticides against the sugarcane billbug and the scarab beetle Leucothyreus sp., three field trials were carried out in Brazil. For the first one, 10 treatments were considered: 1) thiametoxan (Actara 250WG) 500 g ha-1 of commercial product (c.p.); 2) thiametoxan 1.0 kg ha-1 c.p.; 3) thiametoxan 1.5 kg ha-1 c.p.; 4) Steinernema brazilense 10(8) infective juveniles (IJ) ha-1 + thiametoxan 250 g ha-1 c.p.; 5) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 500 g ha-1 c.p.; 6) Heterorhabditis indica (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 250 g ha-1 c.p; 7) H. indica (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 500 g ha-1 c.p.; 8) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1); 9) H. indica (10(8) IJ ha-1); and 10) Control. The second one consisted of five treatments: 1) thiametoxan (Actara 250WG) 800 g ha-1 c.p.; 2) fipronil (Regente 800WG) 250 g ha-1 c.p.; 3) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1); 4) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 200 g ha-1 c.p.; and 5) Control. In the third one, all treatments already mentioned for the second trial plus the mixture S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + fipronil (Regente 800WG) 62.5 g ha-1 c.p. were considered. All treatments with the insecticides and nematodes provided higher sugarcane yield, when compared to their respective controls, which were most damaged by S. levis, but without statistical significance. S. brazilense was more efficient on controlling this pest, if compared to H. indica, but without statistical significance. S. brazilense provided a 50% control of Leucothyreus sp. larvae, meanwhile the best treatments against this scarab were the mixtures of this nematode with fipronil (78%) and thiametoxan (83%).
The sugarcane billbug, Sphenophorus levis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), is an important pest of sugarcane crops in the São Paulo State, Brazil. Their larvae damage plants rhizome, causing losses of up to 30 t ha-1 year-1 of sugarcane. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes and chemical insecticides against the sugarcane billbug and the scarab beetle Leucothyreus sp., three field trials were carried out in Brazil. For the first one, 10 treatments were considered: 1) thiametoxan (Actara 250WG) 500 g ha-1 of commercial product (c.p.); 2) thiametoxan 1.0 kg ha-1 c.p.; 3) thiametoxan 1.5 kg ha-1 c.p.; 4) Steinernema brazilense 10(8) infective juveniles (IJ) ha-1 + thiametoxan 250 g ha-1 c.p.; 5) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 500 g ha-1 c.p.; 6) Heterorhabditis indica (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 250 g ha-1 c.p; 7) H. indica (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 500 g ha-1 c.p.; 8) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1); 9) H. indica (10(8) IJ ha-1); and 10) Control. The second one consisted of five treatments: 1) thiametoxan (Actara 250WG) 800 g ha-1 c.p.; 2) fipronil (Regente 800WG) 250 g ha-1 c.p.; 3) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1); 4) S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + thiametoxan 200 g ha-1 c.p.; and 5) Control. In the third one, all treatments already mentioned for the second trial plus the mixture S. brazilense (10(8) IJ ha-1) + fipronil (Regente 800WG) 62.5 g ha-1 c.p. were considered. All treatments with the insecticides and nematodes provided higher sugarcane yield, when compared to their respective controls, which were most damaged by S. levis, but without statistical significance. S. brazilense was more efficient on controlling this pest, if compared to H. indica, but without statistical significance. S. brazilense provided a 50% control of Leucothyreus sp. larvae, meanwhile the best treatments against this scarab were the mixtures of this nematode with fipronil (78%) and thiametoxan (83%).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Steinernema brazilense Nguyen, Ginarte, Leite, Santos & Harakava 2010, Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar & David 1992, Biological control, sugarcane billbug, scarab beetle, Steinernema brazilense Nguyen, Ginarte, Leite, Santos & Harakava 2010, Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar & David 1992, Controle biológico, Bicudo da cana-de-açúcar, escarabeídeo
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical. Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos/UFG, v. 42, n. 1, p. 40-48, 2012.