Influência do alinhamento de plantio na severidade da mancha-preta-dos-citros, produção e qualidade do suco
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Data
2009-12-01
Autores
Andrade, André Gustavo de [UNESP]
Pimenta, Adriano Alves [UNESP]
Goes, Antonio de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
Os níveis de incidência e severidade de sintomas das doenças resultam da interação hospedeiro-patógeno-ambiente. Nesse contexto, a favorabilidade do ambiente, em particular, depende do nível de umidade, intensidade de radiação solar, luminosidade e molhamento foliar, dentre outros fatores. Por outro lado, a magnitude de expressão desses fatores é dependente do ciclo e porte das plantas, e possivelmente, também, do alinhamento de plantio. No presente estudo, foi avaliada a influência dos alinhamentos de plantio N-S, L-O, NE-SO E NO-SE no desempenho agronômico de plantas de laranjas 'Natal'e 'Valência', assim como na severidade de sintomas da mancha-preta-dos-citros (MPC), causada por Guignardia citricarpa. Para tal, foram selecionadas cinco propriedades distribuídas ao longo do cinturão citrícola paulista, de talhões semelhantes, a partir das quais foram coletadas amostras de 50 frutos, em dez plantas de mesma linha, da região central dos mesmos. Tais frutos foram levados para laboratórios e analisados quanto aos níveis de severidade de sintomas da MPC, produção e qualidade do suco. Constatouse que os frutos oriundos de pomares implantados no alinhamento N-S apresentavam menores níveis de severidade da doença, enquanto no alinhamento NE-SO, os mais elevados. Propriedades localizadas mais ao sul do Estado de São Paulo apresentaram menores níveis de doença, provavelmente em consequência da ocorrência recente da doença em tais áreas. em relação à produção, os alinhamentos de plantio N-S e L-O proporcionaram maior número de frutos por planta, assim como quanto ao número de caixas por planta. Por outro lado, a menor produção foi verificada nos alinhamentos NO-SE. em relação à qualidade do suco, não foi possível estabelecer um padrão definido em termos de ratio e ºBrix e os respectivos alinhamentos de plantio. Foi verificado que os valores de ratio foram menores nos frutos de pomares localizados mais ao sul do Estado, de maiores latitudes.
The levels of incidence and severity of disease symptoms are a result of the host-pathogenenvironment integration. in this context, a favorable environment, in particular, depends on the level of humidity, intensity of solar radiation, luminosity and leaf wetness among other factors. on the other side, the magnitudes of these factors' expressions are dependent upon the plant's cycle and size, and possibly the crop alignment as well. In the present study, five properties distributed along the citrus agricultural belt of São Paulo were selected. With similar orchards and crop orientation going north-south, east-west, northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast, from which samples of 50 fruits from ten plants of the same central tree line were collected. These fruits were taken to a laboratory and analyzed for severity levels of citrus black spot (Guignardia citricarpa), production and juice quality. it was concluded that the fruits from crops in the east-west orientation presented lower symptom severity, while the north-south orientation, had the highest levels. Also, the farms located further south of São Paulo state, showed lower levels of the disease, probably due to the fact that such areas have shorter periods of disease occurrences. in relation to production, the north-south and east-west crop orientations produced the highest amount of boxes per plant, while the northwest-southeast and northeast-southwest had the lowest production levels. As for the juice quality, there was no concluding data to establish a defined standard in terms of ratio and ºBrix on the respective crop alignment. The relation between the latitude and ratio value was declared to be consistently lower in citrus orchards located further south in the state of São Paulo.
The levels of incidence and severity of disease symptoms are a result of the host-pathogenenvironment integration. in this context, a favorable environment, in particular, depends on the level of humidity, intensity of solar radiation, luminosity and leaf wetness among other factors. on the other side, the magnitudes of these factors' expressions are dependent upon the plant's cycle and size, and possibly the crop alignment as well. In the present study, five properties distributed along the citrus agricultural belt of São Paulo were selected. With similar orchards and crop orientation going north-south, east-west, northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast, from which samples of 50 fruits from ten plants of the same central tree line were collected. These fruits were taken to a laboratory and analyzed for severity levels of citrus black spot (Guignardia citricarpa), production and juice quality. it was concluded that the fruits from crops in the east-west orientation presented lower symptom severity, while the north-south orientation, had the highest levels. Also, the farms located further south of São Paulo state, showed lower levels of the disease, probably due to the fact that such areas have shorter periods of disease occurrences. in relation to production, the north-south and east-west crop orientations produced the highest amount of boxes per plant, while the northwest-southeast and northeast-southwest had the lowest production levels. As for the juice quality, there was no concluding data to establish a defined standard in terms of ratio and ºBrix on the respective crop alignment. The relation between the latitude and ratio value was declared to be consistently lower in citrus orchards located further south in the state of São Paulo.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus sinensis, Guignardia citricarpa, Phyllosticta citricarpa, production, planting line direction, Citrus sinensis, Guignardia citricarpa, Phyllosticta citricarpa, Produção, Alinhamento de plantio
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 31, n. 4, p. 1033-1041, 2009.