Yield and composition of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) grown with biosolid
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Data
2005-12-01
Autores
Scavroni, Joseane [UNESP]
Boaro, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes
Marques, Márcia Ortiz Mayo
Ferreira, Leonardo Cesar [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology
Resumo
Esse estudo avaliou os efeitos dos níveis de biossólido no rendimento e na composição química do óleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. Plantas de menta foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação em vasos contendo o equivalente a 0, 28, 56 e 112 t.ha-1 de biossólido. Três avaliações foram realizadas aos 90, 110 e 120 dias após plantio (DAP). O óleo foi extraído da matéria seca da parte aérea por hidrodestilação e sua composição determinada por CG/EM. Sua produção foi afetada de modo discreto pelo biossólido, aumentando quando as plantas foram cultivadas com 28 t.ha-1, condição que não resultou em sua melhora de qualidade. O acetato de mentila foi o componente encontrado em maior porcentagem em todos os tratamentos. As plantas apresentaram aos 90 DAP maior percentagem de mentol, segundo maior constituinte do óleo, com conteúdo de 42,3% naquelas cultivadas sem biossólido. A presença do biossólido favoreceu a formação de mentofurano. Como o mentol, a mentona diminuiu com o desenvolvimento das plantas. Nessas condições, recomenda-se sua colheita aos 90 DAP, época em que o nível de mentol foi maior. Com o aumento de produção de lodo de esgoto, há necessidade de sua adequada destinação, havendo restrições para seu uso em relação ao ambiente e à planta. Assim, apesar de o cultivo com 28 t.ha-1 estar dentro do permitido pela legislação, essa condição, que aumentou o rendimento do óleo, não melhorou sua qualidade. Assim, o biossólido da Estação de Barueri não foi recomendável para o cultivo da espécie.
This research evaluated the effects of biosolid levels on yield and chemical composition of Mentha piperita L. essential oil. Mint plants were grown in a greenhouse in pots containing the equivalent to 0, 28, 56, and 112 t.ha-1 biosolid. Three evaluations were made at 90, 110, and 120 days after planting (DAP). The oil was extracted from the dry matter of shoots by hydrodistillation, and composition was determined by GC/MS. Oil production was slightly affected by the biosolid, increasing when plants were grown with 28 t.ha-1, a condition which did not result in quality improvement. Menthyl acetate was the component obtained at the highest percentage in all treatments. At 90 DAP, plants showed a higher percentage of menthol, the second-highest oil constituent, with a content of 42.3% in plants grown without biosolid. The presence of biosolid favored menthofuran formation. As with menthol, menthone decreased with plant development. Under these conditions, plant harvesting is recommended at 90 DAP, period in which the menthol level was higher. Since the production of biosolid is on the rise, a suitable destination must be given to it, and restrictions exist for its use in relation to the environment and plants. Thus, although cultivation with 28 t.ha-1 is within the limits allowed by law, such a rate, which increased oil yield, did not improve oil quality. Therefore, biosolid from the Barueri Station is not recommended for cultivation of this specie.
This research evaluated the effects of biosolid levels on yield and chemical composition of Mentha piperita L. essential oil. Mint plants were grown in a greenhouse in pots containing the equivalent to 0, 28, 56, and 112 t.ha-1 biosolid. Three evaluations were made at 90, 110, and 120 days after planting (DAP). The oil was extracted from the dry matter of shoots by hydrodistillation, and composition was determined by GC/MS. Oil production was slightly affected by the biosolid, increasing when plants were grown with 28 t.ha-1, a condition which did not result in quality improvement. Menthyl acetate was the component obtained at the highest percentage in all treatments. At 90 DAP, plants showed a higher percentage of menthol, the second-highest oil constituent, with a content of 42.3% in plants grown without biosolid. The presence of biosolid favored menthofuran formation. As with menthol, menthone decreased with plant development. Under these conditions, plant harvesting is recommended at 90 DAP, period in which the menthol level was higher. Since the production of biosolid is on the rise, a suitable destination must be given to it, and restrictions exist for its use in relation to the environment and plants. Thus, although cultivation with 28 t.ha-1 is within the limits allowed by law, such a rate, which increased oil yield, did not improve oil quality. Therefore, biosolid from the Barueri Station is not recommended for cultivation of this specie.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
acetato de mentila, hortelã-pimenta, lodo de esgoto, mentol, menthol, menthyl acetate, peppermint, sewage-sludge
Como citar
Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, v. 17, n. 4, p. 345-352, 2005.