Comparação entre solos sob uso agroflorestal e em florestas remanescentes adjacentes, no norte de Rondônia
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Data
2008-04-01
Autores
Menezes, José Maria Thomaz
van Leeuwen, Johannes
Valeri, Sérgio Valiengo [UNESP]
Cruz, Mara Cristina Pessôa da [UNESP]
Leandro, Raimundo Cajueiro
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Resumo
A importância e a eficácia dos sistemas agroflorestais na conservação dos solos tropicais necessitam de comprovações demonstrativas localizadas. Atributos físicos e químicos dos solos de sete parcelas com cinco anos e meio de uso agroflorestal, avaliados na camada de 0-0,2 m, foram comparados aos respectivos solos de florestas remanescentes adjacentes no norte do Estado de Rondônia. Não foram constatadas diferenças na composição granulométrica entre os solos na camada avaliada, sugerindo que os dois sistemas localizam-se sob o mesmo tipo de solo numa mesma propriedade rural. Nos solos sob sistemas agroflorestais, os valores de pH, Ca e Mg foram sempre maiores do que os dos solos das florestas remanescentes adjacentes, o que é atribuído ao aporte de nutrientes que restaram da queima anterior da floresta, ocorrida entre um e oito anos antes da instalação do sistema agroflorestal. Os teores de matéria orgânica, P e K do solo nos sistemas agroflorestais mantiveram-se com valores semelhantes aos da floresta, cinco anos e meio depois de sua instalação, indicando que esses sistemas preservaram algumas propriedades químicas do solo durante o período considerado.
The importance and efficiency of agroforestry systems in the conservation of tropical soils need to be demonstrated at the local scale. Physical and chemical soil attributes of seven plots used for agroforestry during 5.5 years were evaluated in the 0-0.2 m layer and compared with the respective soils of adjacent forests fragments in the Northern Rondônia State. No differences in texture were found between the soils in the layer evaluated, indicating that the two systems are located on the same soil type. In the soils under agroforestry systems, the values of pH, calcium and magnesium were always higher than in the soils of the adjacent forest fragments, which are ascribed to the nutrients released by the previous forest slashing and burning, between one and eight years before the installation of the agroforestry systems. The contents of soil organic matter, phosphorus and potassium in the 5.5 years after the installation of the agroforestry systems remained at values similar to those of the forest fragments. These results indicate that the agroforestry systems preserved some chemical soil properties at similar levels as the natural forest in the study period.
The importance and efficiency of agroforestry systems in the conservation of tropical soils need to be demonstrated at the local scale. Physical and chemical soil attributes of seven plots used for agroforestry during 5.5 years were evaluated in the 0-0.2 m layer and compared with the respective soils of adjacent forests fragments in the Northern Rondônia State. No differences in texture were found between the soils in the layer evaluated, indicating that the two systems are located on the same soil type. In the soils under agroforestry systems, the values of pH, calcium and magnesium were always higher than in the soils of the adjacent forest fragments, which are ascribed to the nutrients released by the previous forest slashing and burning, between one and eight years before the installation of the agroforestry systems. The contents of soil organic matter, phosphorus and potassium in the 5.5 years after the installation of the agroforestry systems remained at values similar to those of the forest fragments. These results indicate that the agroforestry systems preserved some chemical soil properties at similar levels as the natural forest in the study period.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soil conservation, Agroforestry system, Tropical soil, conservação do solo, Sistema agroflorestal, Solos tropicais
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 32, n. 2, p. 893-898, 2008.