Características estruturais e físico-químicas de amidos de mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza)
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Data
2008-09-01
Autores
Rocha, Thaís Souza [UNESP]
Demiate, Ivo Mottin
Franco, Célia Maria Landi [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
Resumo
O amido apresenta propriedades físico-químicas importantes que são dependentes de sua fonte botânica e de suas características estruturais. O amido de mandioquinha-salsa possui características especiais que o tornam elegível para utilização em vários alimentos processados. Neste trabalho, amidos de duas variedades de mandioquinha-salsa, Amarela de Carandaí (AC) e Amarela de Senador Amaral (ASA), foram isolados e suas características físico-químicas e estruturais determinadas. O amido obtido da variedade ASA apresentou grânulos com diâmetro médio maior que aqueles da variedade AC e mais que o dobro da quantidade de grânulos com tamanho >20 µm, quando comparado à outra variedade. Os amidos de ambas as variedades, observados em microscópio eletrônico de varredura, mostraram superfícies granulares lisas com formatos circulares e poliédricos para grânulos grandes e pequenos, respectivamente. A distribuição de tamanho molecular, viscosidade intrínseca e índice de cristalinidade dos amidos de ambas as variedades foram semelhantes, porém o teor de amilose foi maior para o amido da variedade AC. Maiores valores de viscosidade, poder de inchamento, e temperaturas de gelatinização foram observados para o amido da variedade ASA e podem estar relacionados ao menor teor de amilose e à maior proporção de grânulos grandes apresentados por este amido.
Starch has very important physicochemical properties that depend on its botanical source and structural characteristics. Peruvian carrot starch displays special characteristics, which make it appropriate for industrial application in many processed foods. In this work, starch from two Peruvian carrot varieties, Amarela de Carandaí (AC) and Amarela de Senador Amaral (ASA), were isolated and their physicochemical and structural properties were determined. Starch from the ASA variety exhibited granules with a greater average diameter than those from the AC variety and more than double the number of granules with size >20 µm, when compared to the other variety. Starches from both varieties, observed in a Scanning Electron Microscope, showed smooth granule surface with circular and polyhedral shapes for large and small granules, respectively. Molecular size distribution, intrinsic viscosity and degree of cristallinity of starches from both varieties were similar; however, amylose content was higher for the starch from the AC variety. Higher values of viscosity, swelling power and gelatinization temperatures were observed for the starch from the ASA variety, which could be related to the lower amylose content and the higher proportion of large granules exhibited by this starch.
Starch has very important physicochemical properties that depend on its botanical source and structural characteristics. Peruvian carrot starch displays special characteristics, which make it appropriate for industrial application in many processed foods. In this work, starch from two Peruvian carrot varieties, Amarela de Carandaí (AC) and Amarela de Senador Amaral (ASA), were isolated and their physicochemical and structural properties were determined. Starch from the ASA variety exhibited granules with a greater average diameter than those from the AC variety and more than double the number of granules with size >20 µm, when compared to the other variety. Starches from both varieties, observed in a Scanning Electron Microscope, showed smooth granule surface with circular and polyhedral shapes for large and small granules, respectively. Molecular size distribution, intrinsic viscosity and degree of cristallinity of starches from both varieties were similar; however, amylose content was higher for the starch from the AC variety. Higher values of viscosity, swelling power and gelatinization temperatures were observed for the starch from the ASA variety, which could be related to the lower amylose content and the higher proportion of large granules exhibited by this starch.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Starch, Peruvian carrot, Structural characteristics, Physicochemical properties, Amido, mandioquinha-salsa, estrutura, propriedades físico-químicas
Como citar
Food Science and Technology (Campinas). Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, v. 28, n. 3, p. 620-628, 2008.