Clones de seringueira com resistência a ácaros
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Data
2011-01-01
Autores
Silva, Helder Adriano de Souza da [UNESP]
Vieira, Marineide Rosa [UNESP]
Valério Filho, Walter Veriano [UNESP]
Cardoso, Maria de Souza Monteverde [UNESP]
Figueira, Janayna Correa
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
A cultura da seringueira pode ser atacada pelos ácaros Calacarus heveae Feres (Eriophyidae) e Tenuipalpus heveae Baker (Tenuipalpidae). Dentre as opções para controle dessas pragas, o uso de material vegetal resistente pode ser uma boa alternativa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar clones resistentes a esses ácaros, e assim, contribuir para o estabelecimento de estratégias de manejo dessas pragas na cultura. Os experimentos foram realizados no município de Votuporanga (SP), em área com plantas dispostas em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram coletadas folhas dos clones RRIM 600, PB 260, PB 330, PB 28/59, IAC 15, IAC 35, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156 e IRCA 111, mensalmente, para contagem dos ácaros em laboratório. A contagem foi realizada em oito folíolos por parcela, em duas áreas de 1 cm² por folíolo, na página superior para C. heveae e na página inferior para T. heveae. Os níveis de desfolhamento observados foram avaliados com uma escala de notas de 0 (ausência de desfolhamento) a 4 (acima de 75%). O clone RRIM 600 foi utilizado como genótipo-padrão de suscetibilidade. Com base nos valores de número médio de ácaros por cm² e notas de desfolhamento, os clones IAC 15, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156 e PB 28/59 foram considerados resistentes por não preferência e/ou antibiose a C. heveae e T. heveae. O clone IRCA 111 foi tolerante a C. heveae.
The rubber tree crop can be attacked by Calacarus heveae Feres (Eriophyidae) and Tenuipalpus heveae Baker (Tenuipalpidae) mites. Among the control options, the use of resistant genetic material can be a good alternative. The objective of this study was to identify clones showing resistance to these mites, and thus contribute to the establishment of management strategies of these pests. The experiments were carried out in the Votuporanga, State of São Paulo, in an area with plants arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. Leaves of the clones IAC 15, IAC 35, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156, IRCA 111, PB 260, PB 330, PB 28/59 and RRIM 600 were collected monthly for mite counting. The count was conducted in eight leaflets per plot, in two areas of 1 cm² per leaflet, on the upper surface for C. heveae and lower surface for T. heveae. The defoliation levels observed were evaluated with a grade scale ranging from 0 (without defoliation) to 4 (above 75%). RRIM 600 clone was used as standard susceptible genotype. Based on the values of average number of mites per cm² and defoliation grades, the IAC 15, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156 and PB 28/59 clones were considered resistant by non preference and/or antibiosis to C. heveae and T. heveae. The IRCA 111 clone was tolerant to C. heveae.
The rubber tree crop can be attacked by Calacarus heveae Feres (Eriophyidae) and Tenuipalpus heveae Baker (Tenuipalpidae) mites. Among the control options, the use of resistant genetic material can be a good alternative. The objective of this study was to identify clones showing resistance to these mites, and thus contribute to the establishment of management strategies of these pests. The experiments were carried out in the Votuporanga, State of São Paulo, in an area with plants arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. Leaves of the clones IAC 15, IAC 35, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156, IRCA 111, PB 260, PB 330, PB 28/59 and RRIM 600 were collected monthly for mite counting. The count was conducted in eight leaflets per plot, in two areas of 1 cm² per leaflet, on the upper surface for C. heveae and lower surface for T. heveae. The defoliation levels observed were evaluated with a grade scale ranging from 0 (without defoliation) to 4 (above 75%). RRIM 600 clone was used as standard susceptible genotype. Based on the values of average number of mites per cm² and defoliation grades, the IAC 15, IAC 40, IAC 300, IAN 3156 and PB 28/59 clones were considered resistant by non preference and/or antibiosis to C. heveae and T. heveae. The IRCA 111 clone was tolerant to C. heveae.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hevea brasiliensis, Acari, Calacarus heveae, Tenuipalpus heveae, Hevea brasiliensis, Acari, Calacarus heveae, Tenuipalpus heveae
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 70, n. 2, p. 383-388, 2011.