Carcinoma basalóide escamoso: uma forma rara e agressiva de câncer do esôfago e revisão da literatura
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Data
2007-03-01
Autores
Henry, Maria Aparecida Coelho de Arruda [UNESP]
Lerco, Mauro Masson [UNESP]
Oliveira, Walmar Kerche de [UNESP]
Rodrigues, Maria Aparecida Marchesan [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva
Resumo
RACIONAL: O carcinoma basalóide escamoso ocorre com maior freqüência no trato aerodigestivo superior e raramente acomete o esôfago. OBJETIVO: Apresentar os aspectos clínico-patológicos e os atributos imunoistoquímicos de um paciente com carcinoma basalóide escamoso do esôfago. RELATO do CASO: Dos 134 pacientes com câncer do esôfago atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Botucatu-Unesp, São Paulo, de 1990 a 1999, somente um paciente (0,74%) apresentou carcinoma basalóide escamoso do esôfago. Tratava-se de paciente masculino, 41 anos, branco, lavrador com disfagia, regurgitação e emagrecimento há três meses. Referia tabagismo e etilismo há muitos anos. O esofagograma e o exame endoscópico revelaram lesão vegetante no terço distal do esôfago. A biópsia demonstrou neoplasia intraepitelial de alto grau associada a blocos de células basalóides que infiltravam o cório da mucosa, caracterizando o carcinoma basalóide escamoso. Os marcadores imunoistoquímicos foram positivos para o antígeno carcinoembriônico e para citoceratinas de alto peso molecular. A tomografia computadorizada revelou múltiplas metástases nos pulmões, fígado, e nódulos linfáticos regionais, documentando a fase avançada de evolução da doença. O tratamento consistiu apenas na realização de gastrostomia. O paciente apresentou queda acentuada do estado geral e evoluiu para óbito com quadro de melena quatro meses após o diagnóstico. CONCLUSÃO: O carcinoma basalóide escamoso é uma forma rara e agressiva de câncer do esôfago e o prognóstico depende do estadiamento da lesão e das condições clínicas do paciente no momento do diagnóstico.
BACKGROUND: Basaloid squamous carcinoma is more frequently found in the upper aerodigestive tract, being rarely found in the esophagus. AIM: To present the pathological and clinical aspects, as well as immunhistochemical attributes of a basaloid squamous carcinoma of the esophagus patient. CASE REPORT: of a total of 134 esophagus cancer patients in the Hospital Universitário de Botucatu-Unesp, in São Paulo, from 1990 through 1999, only one patient (0,74%), presented the basaloid squamous carcinoma of the esophagus. This patient, a 41 year-old Caucasian male farmer, presented dysfagia, regurgitation and weight loss for the last three months, being a smoker and alcoholic for many years. Endoscopy and esophagram revealed a vegetative lesion in the distal region of the esophagus. Biopsy showed a high-grade intra-epithelial neoplasm associated with basaloid cells infiltrating the corian mucosa, characteristic of the squamous basaloid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for carcinoembrionary antigen and high molecular weight citokeratins. Computerized tomography revealed multiple metastasis in the lungs, liver and regional lymphatic nodules, all evidence of an advanced evolution of the disease. Treatment consisted of gastrostomy. The patient presented an accentuated fall pertaining it's general state and died with a state of melena four months after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The basaloid squamous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of esophagus cancer and the prognosis depends in the state at which the lesion is and in the clinical conditions of the patient at the time of diagnosis.
BACKGROUND: Basaloid squamous carcinoma is more frequently found in the upper aerodigestive tract, being rarely found in the esophagus. AIM: To present the pathological and clinical aspects, as well as immunhistochemical attributes of a basaloid squamous carcinoma of the esophagus patient. CASE REPORT: of a total of 134 esophagus cancer patients in the Hospital Universitário de Botucatu-Unesp, in São Paulo, from 1990 through 1999, only one patient (0,74%), presented the basaloid squamous carcinoma of the esophagus. This patient, a 41 year-old Caucasian male farmer, presented dysfagia, regurgitation and weight loss for the last three months, being a smoker and alcoholic for many years. Endoscopy and esophagram revealed a vegetative lesion in the distal region of the esophagus. Biopsy showed a high-grade intra-epithelial neoplasm associated with basaloid cells infiltrating the corian mucosa, characteristic of the squamous basaloid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for carcinoembrionary antigen and high molecular weight citokeratins. Computerized tomography revealed multiple metastasis in the lungs, liver and regional lymphatic nodules, all evidence of an advanced evolution of the disease. Treatment consisted of gastrostomy. The patient presented an accentuated fall pertaining it's general state and died with a state of melena four months after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The basaloid squamous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of esophagus cancer and the prognosis depends in the state at which the lesion is and in the clinical conditions of the patient at the time of diagnosis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Neoplasias esofágicas, Carcinoma, Esophageal neoplasms, Carcinoma
Como citar
ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva, v. 20, n. 1, p. 62-64, 2007.