Reguladores vegetais e o desbaste químico de frutos de tangor murcote
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Data
2001-09-01
Autores
Domingues, Marcio Christian Serpa [UNESP]
Ono, Elizabeth Orika [UNESP]
Rodrigues, João Domingos [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ)
Resumo
O tangor 'Murcote' apresenta necessidade de desbaste de frutos devido a alternância de produção, caracterizado por anos de excessiva produção intercalado com anos de baixa produção, evitando assim, a diminuição da qualidade dos frutos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência de reguladores vegetais, a auxina ANA (ácido naftalenacético) e ethephon (etileno) no desbaste químico de frutos de tangor 'Murcote' aplicado 40 dias após o pleno florescimento. O experimento foi conduzido em Pratânia, SP, onde plantas de 5 anos de idade, enxertadas sobre o limoeiro 'Cravo', foram pulverizadas com ANA a 0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1 e com ethephon a 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1, ambos em solução aquosa juntamente com adjuvante não iônico a 0,05%. A contagem dos frutos foi realizada previamente aos tratamentos em 2 ramos marcados por planta. O ANA não interferiu significativamente no desbaste de frutos, com porcentagens de queda variando entre 7 a 14%, enquanto que as pulverizações com ethephon mostraram maior eficiência no desbaste de frutos, principalmente na dose de 400 mg L-1, promovendo 66,6% de queda de frutos, sem contudo induzir a abscisão foliar. As doses inferiores de ethephon também promoveram desbaste de frutos da ordem de 40%. As porcentagens de queda de frutos foram pequenas, para plantas pulverizadas com ANA, enquanto que a aplicação de ethephon promoveu maior eficiência no desbaste de frutos.
Alternate bearing is an important caracteristic of some mandarins that reduces fruit quality and yield in tangor Murcott, and to reduce this effect is necessary to perform fruit thinning to avoid high and low production year by year. To evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators on fruit thinning of the 'honey' orange, an auxin (NAA-naphthalene acetic acid) and ethephon (ethylene), were applied 40 days after full bloom in an experiment carried out at Pratania, S.P., Brazil. Five-year-old plants grafted on Rangpur lime were used, sprayed with NAA (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1 and ethephon (200, 300, 400 mg L-1), both in water solution, containing 0.05% of non ionic wetting agent. Fruit number was determined before treatment applications in two shoots per plant. NAA did not promote significant differences on fruit thinning (between 7 to 14 %), however, the application of ethephon, at all rates, increased fruit thinning by 41.6 to 66.6%, with concentrations of 200 to 400 mg L-1 respectively, without leaf drop. Application of NAA did not promote chemical fruit thinning whereas ethephon showed high percentage of fruit thinning after full bloom with increased concentrations.
Alternate bearing is an important caracteristic of some mandarins that reduces fruit quality and yield in tangor Murcott, and to reduce this effect is necessary to perform fruit thinning to avoid high and low production year by year. To evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators on fruit thinning of the 'honey' orange, an auxin (NAA-naphthalene acetic acid) and ethephon (ethylene), were applied 40 days after full bloom in an experiment carried out at Pratania, S.P., Brazil. Five-year-old plants grafted on Rangpur lime were used, sprayed with NAA (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 mg L-1 and ethephon (200, 300, 400 mg L-1), both in water solution, containing 0.05% of non ionic wetting agent. Fruit number was determined before treatment applications in two shoots per plant. NAA did not promote significant differences on fruit thinning (between 7 to 14 %), however, the application of ethephon, at all rates, increased fruit thinning by 41.6 to 66.6%, with concentrations of 200 to 400 mg L-1 respectively, without leaf drop. Application of NAA did not promote chemical fruit thinning whereas ethephon showed high percentage of fruit thinning after full bloom with increased concentrations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus reticulata, raleio, ethephon, ácido naftaleno acético, Citrus reticulata, thinning, ethephon, naphthalene acetic acid
Como citar
Scientia Agricola. São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, v. 58, n. 3, p. 487-490, 2001.