O licenciamento ambiental da mineração no Quadrilátero Ferrífero de Minas Gerais: uma análise da implementação de medidas de controle ambiental formuladas em EIAs/RIMAs
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Data
2004-12-01
Autores
Prado Filho, José Francisco do [UNESP]
Souza, Marcelo Pereira de
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Editor
ABES
Resumo
Instrumento de política pública ligado ao licenciamento ambiental prévio de projetos de empreendimentos potencialmente degradadores do ambiente, a Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA), atualmente, apresenta algumas inconsistências. Dentre elas, autores registram a disparidade no que se refere à indicação e à efetiva implantação das medidas de controle ambiental estabelecidas nos EIA/RIMAs. Diante disso, o presente trabalho analisa a implantação das medidas mitigadoras estabelecidas para empreendimentos minerais licenciados pela Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente (FEAM) do Estado de Minas Gerais, para a região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. No estudo, constata-se que intervenções ambientais são hoje partes integrantes dos projetos minerais; porém, como na mineração a operação impõe certo dinamismo ao empreendimento, verifica-se que parte das medidas mitigadoras apontadas no EIA acaba não sendo executada, como o previsto e o aprovado na fase da Licença Prévia (LP), enquanto outras apenas ficam listadas como propostas de mitigação de impactos, deixando de ser efetivamente executadas.
As one of the public policies instruments used for the previous environmental licensing process of possible impacting enterprises, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has shown some drawbacks. Many researchers mention disparities between the environmental control measures prescribed by the EIA and what was actually implemented in the field. Considering these discrepancies, this work is aimed at evaluating the implementation of the environmental mitigating measures, which were approved by the Minas Gerais State Environmental Agency (FEAM) for the iron mining activities of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero minefield, Brazil. It can be concluded that the environmental control measures have become part of the mining project and design activities. However, as the mining activity is certainly a very dynamic process, many of the prescribed mitigating measures were not implemented in the way they were firstly approved in the Previous License phase, while some other measures, in turn, were simply neglected, standing only as a list of proposals for mitigating environmental impacts.
As one of the public policies instruments used for the previous environmental licensing process of possible impacting enterprises, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has shown some drawbacks. Many researchers mention disparities between the environmental control measures prescribed by the EIA and what was actually implemented in the field. Considering these discrepancies, this work is aimed at evaluating the implementation of the environmental mitigating measures, which were approved by the Minas Gerais State Environmental Agency (FEAM) for the iron mining activities of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero minefield, Brazil. It can be concluded that the environmental control measures have become part of the mining project and design activities. However, as the mining activity is certainly a very dynamic process, many of the prescribed mitigating measures were not implemented in the way they were firstly approved in the Previous License phase, while some other measures, in turn, were simply neglected, standing only as a list of proposals for mitigating environmental impacts.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Avaliação de impacto ambiental, Gestão ambiental, Licenciamento ambiental, EIA/RIMA, Environmental impact assessment, Environmental management, Environmental licensing, Environmental impact reports
Como citar
Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental . ABES , v. 9, n. 4, p. 343-349, 2004.