Manejo mecânico e cultura de cobertura na entrelinha da seringueira (PB 235 e RRIM 701) e os atributos físicos de um latossolo vermelho no Planalto Paulista
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Data
2004-02-01
Autores
Centurion, José Frederico [UNESP]
Roque, Cassiano Garcia [UNESP]
Centurion, Maria Aparecida Pessoa da Cruz [UNESP]
Prado, Renato de Mello [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade de Investigações Florestais
Resumo
Objetivou-se avaliar o manejo do solo na entrelinha da seringueira de forma mecânica com grade e roçadora e com cultura de cobertura sobre as propriedades físicas do solo. Para isto, implantou-se a seringueira (PB 235 e RRIM 701) em Latossolo Vermelho em Jaboticabal-SP, em 1992, de forma que a área da entrelinha da cultura foi manejada com gradagem, roçadora e cultura de cobertura kudzu-tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides). Após 8 anos de cultivo, foram analisados alguns atributos físicos do solo (densidade, macro, micro e porosidade total, granulometria e argila dispersa em água), na entrelinha da cultura. O manejo mecânico e o de culturas de cobertura na entrelinha da seringueira afetaram as propriedades físicas do solo, especialmente a porosidade e a densidade, entretanto não influenciaram significativamente a granulometria do solo. As maiores alterações físicas em função do manejo da entrelinha da seringueira manifestaram-se especialmente na camada superficial do solo (0-20 cm). O manejo com roçadora reduziu significativamente a porosidade do solo (0,08-0,04 m³/m³) e aumentou a sua densidade (1,4-1,5 kg/dm³), ao passo que o manejo com grade não degradou as propriedades físicas do solo, comparado com roçadora e a cultura de cobertura com kudzu tropical.
This work aimed to mechanically evaluate the effect of soil management between rubber tree rows using heavy bars and rotary mowers and cover crop on the physical properties of the soil. Thus, rubber trees (PB 235 and RRIM 701) were established in a Dystrophic Hapludox soil in Jaboticabal-SP in 1992, so that the spaces between the rows were managed with heavy bars, rotary mowers and tropical Kudzu crop cover (Pueraria phaseoloides). After eight cropping years, some physical attributes of the soil (density, macro and microporosity, particle size and water clay dispersion)were analyzed in the rows. The mechanical and cover crop management in the space between the rows had affected the physical properties of the soil, especially porosity and density although not influencing significantly soil particle size. The greatest physical alterations in the soil in function of the management of the space between the rubber tree rows became evident only in the superficial layer of the soil (0-20 cm). Rotary mower management significantly reduced soil porosity (0.08-0.04 m³/m³) and increased soil density (1.4-1.5 kg/dm³) while management with heavy bars did not degrade the physical properties of the soil compared with the rotary mowers and crop cover using tropical Kudzu.
This work aimed to mechanically evaluate the effect of soil management between rubber tree rows using heavy bars and rotary mowers and cover crop on the physical properties of the soil. Thus, rubber trees (PB 235 and RRIM 701) were established in a Dystrophic Hapludox soil in Jaboticabal-SP in 1992, so that the spaces between the rows were managed with heavy bars, rotary mowers and tropical Kudzu crop cover (Pueraria phaseoloides). After eight cropping years, some physical attributes of the soil (density, macro and microporosity, particle size and water clay dispersion)were analyzed in the rows. The mechanical and cover crop management in the space between the rows had affected the physical properties of the soil, especially porosity and density although not influencing significantly soil particle size. The greatest physical alterations in the soil in function of the management of the space between the rubber tree rows became evident only in the superficial layer of the soil (0-20 cm). Rotary mower management significantly reduced soil porosity (0.08-0.04 m³/m³) and increased soil density (1.4-1.5 kg/dm³) while management with heavy bars did not degrade the physical properties of the soil compared with the rotary mowers and crop cover using tropical Kudzu.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hevea brasiliensis, manejo de cultura, roçadora, grade, propriedades físicas, Hevea brasiliensis, crop management, heavy bars, rotary mowers, physical properties
Como citar
Revista Árvore. Sociedade de Investigações Florestais, v. 28, n. 1, p. 7-13, 2004.