Efeito da temperatura ambiente e do sistema de criação sobre as exigências de energia metabolizável para mantença de aves reprodutoras pesadas
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Data
2004-04-01
Autores
Rabello, Carlos Bôa-Viagem
Sakomura, Nilva Kazue [UNESP]
Longo, Flavio Alves [UNESP]
Resende, Kleber Tomás de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
O trabalho foi conduzido com a finalidade de verificar o efeito da temperatura e do sistema de criação sobre as exigências de energia metabolizável aparente para mantença (EMm) para aves reprodutoras pesadas. No experimento 1, foram determinadas as exigências de EMm para aves criadas em gaiolas. Foram alojadas 192 aves reprodutoras pesadas, Hubbard HI-Y em galpões com temperaturas controladas a 13, 21 e 30ºC. As aves foram distribuídas de acordo com delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições de quatro aves. Os tratamentos foram: consumo de ração ad libitum, 70, 50 e 30% em relação ao consumo ad libitum. Quantificou-se a energia retida (ER) pela técnica do abate comparativo. A partir das análises de regressão da energia metabolizável ingerida (EMI), em função da ER corporal, determinaram-se as exigências de EMm e as eficiências de utilização da energia (k). No experimento 2, as exigências de EMm foram determinadas para aves criadas em piso. Foram distribuídas 96 aves em um delineamento experimental casualizado, em três temperaturas (13, 21 e 30ºC) e quatro repetições de oito aves. Quantificou-se a ER pelo abate comparativo e a EMm, pela fórmula EMm=EMI-(ER/k). As exigências de EMm para aves criadas em gaiolas foram: 111.2, 91.5 e 88,5kcal/kg0,75/dia e para as aves criadas em piso, 130.8, 112.9 e 111.0kcal/kg0,75/dia para as temperaturas de 13, 21 e 30ºC, respectivamente. As exigências das aves criadas em piso foram, em média, 21,8% superiores às alojadas em gaiolas, provavelmente devido aos maiores gastos de energia com atividade física.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the temperature and rearing system on the apparent metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance (MEm) for broiler breeder hens. In the experiment 1, MEm was determined with birds in cages. One hundred-ninety-two birds were housed in climatic chambers at 13, 21 and 30ºC. The birds were assigned to four treatments with four replications of four birds each. The treatments were: ad libitum intake, 70, 50 and 30% of ad libitum intake. Comparative slaughter technique was used to determine the retained energy (RE). Maintenance metabolizable energy requirements (MEm) and efficiency of energy utilization (k) were determined by the ME intake (MEI) and retained energy (RE) ratio. In the experiment 2, the MEm was determined with birds on the floor. Ninety-six birds were allotted to three temperatures (13, 21 e 30ºC) with four replication of eight birds each. The comparative slaughter technique was used to determined the RE and MEm requirements was determined by: EMm=EMI-(RE/k). The MEm requirements for birds in cages were 111.2, 91.5 and 88.5kcal/kg0.75/day and for birds on floor 130.8, 112.9 and 111.0kcal/kg0.75/day at 13, 21 and 30ºC, respectively. Birds raised on floor had MEm higher 21.8% than those in cages, probably due to the energy expenditure for physical activity.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the temperature and rearing system on the apparent metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance (MEm) for broiler breeder hens. In the experiment 1, MEm was determined with birds in cages. One hundred-ninety-two birds were housed in climatic chambers at 13, 21 and 30ºC. The birds were assigned to four treatments with four replications of four birds each. The treatments were: ad libitum intake, 70, 50 and 30% of ad libitum intake. Comparative slaughter technique was used to determine the retained energy (RE). Maintenance metabolizable energy requirements (MEm) and efficiency of energy utilization (k) were determined by the ME intake (MEI) and retained energy (RE) ratio. In the experiment 2, the MEm was determined with birds on the floor. Ninety-six birds were allotted to three temperatures (13, 21 e 30ºC) with four replication of eight birds each. The comparative slaughter technique was used to determined the RE and MEm requirements was determined by: EMm=EMI-(RE/k). The MEm requirements for birds in cages were 111.2, 91.5 and 88.5kcal/kg0.75/day and for birds on floor 130.8, 112.9 and 111.0kcal/kg0.75/day at 13, 21 and 30ºC, respectively. Birds raised on floor had MEm higher 21.8% than those in cages, probably due to the energy expenditure for physical activity.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
broiler breeder hens, environmental temperature, maintenance energy requirements, reading system, aves reprodutoras pesadas, energia metabolizável para mantença, sistema de criação, Temperatura ambiente
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 33, n. 2, p. 382-390, 2004.