Gas exchange rates, plant height, yield components, and productivity of upland rice as affected by plant regulators
Carregando...
Data
2012-10-01
Autores
Alvarez, Rita de Cássia Félix
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Nascente, Adriano Stephan
Rodrigues, João Domingos [UNESP]
Habermann, Gustavo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar taxas de trocas gasosas, altura de plantas, componentes de produção e produtividade do arroz de terras altas, influenciados pelo tipo e pela época de aplicação de reguladores de crescimento vegetal. O delineamento experimental foi utilizado em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três reguladores vegetais (cloreto de mepiquat, trinexapac-etil e paclobutrazol), além de um tratamento controle, aplicados em dois estádios fenológicos: início do perfilhamento ou primórdio da diferenciação da panícula. O experimento foi conduzido em campo com irrigação por aspersão. A assimilação líquida de CO2, a condutância estomática, a transpiração e a eficiência do uso da água foram avaliadas na cultivar de sequeiro Primavera, por quatro vezes, entre os estágios de emborrachamento e de grão leitoso. As trocas gasosas não foram influenciadas nem pelos reguladores, nem pelas épocas de aplicação. Houve interação entre os efeitos dos fatores sobre as demais variáveis. A aplicação de trinexapac-etil, tanto no perfilhamento como na diferenciação, reduziu a altura de plantas e afetou negativamente os componentes de produção e a produtividade do arroz. No entanto, o paclobutrazol e o cloreto de mepiquat, aplicados no estágio de perfilhamento, reduziram a altura das plantas sem afetar a produção. O cloreto de mepiquat atuou como promotor de crescimento quando aplicado no estágio de diferenciação de panículas, e aumentou significativamente a altura das plantas, o número de panículas e a produtividade de grãos.
The objective of this work was to evaluate gas exchange rates, plant height, yield components, and productivity of upland rice, as affected by type and application time of plant growth regulators. A randomized block design, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates was used. Treatments consisted of three growth regulators (mepiquat chloride, trinexapac-ethyl, and paclobutrazol), besides a control treatment applied at two different phenological stages: early tillering or panicle primordial differentiation. The experiment was performed under sprinkler-irrigated field conditions. Net CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, plant transpiration, and water-use efficiency were measured four times in Primavera upland rice cultivar, between booting and milky grain phenophases. Gas exchange rates were neither influenced by growth regulators nor by application time. There was, however, interaction between these factors on the other variables. Application of trinexapac-ethyl at both tillering and differentiation stages reduced plant height and negatively affected yield components and rice productivity. However, paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride applied at tillering, reduced plant height without affecting rice yield. Mepiquat chloride acted as a growth stimulator when applied at the differentiation stage, and significantly increased plant height, panicle number, and grain yield of upland rice.
The objective of this work was to evaluate gas exchange rates, plant height, yield components, and productivity of upland rice, as affected by type and application time of plant growth regulators. A randomized block design, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates was used. Treatments consisted of three growth regulators (mepiquat chloride, trinexapac-ethyl, and paclobutrazol), besides a control treatment applied at two different phenological stages: early tillering or panicle primordial differentiation. The experiment was performed under sprinkler-irrigated field conditions. Net CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, plant transpiration, and water-use efficiency were measured four times in Primavera upland rice cultivar, between booting and milky grain phenophases. Gas exchange rates were neither influenced by growth regulators nor by application time. There was, however, interaction between these factors on the other variables. Application of trinexapac-ethyl at both tillering and differentiation stages reduced plant height and negatively affected yield components and rice productivity. However, paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride applied at tillering, reduced plant height without affecting rice yield. Mepiquat chloride acted as a growth stimulator when applied at the differentiation stage, and significantly increased plant height, panicle number, and grain yield of upland rice.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Oryza sativa, fotossíntese líquida, condutância estomática, transpiração, eficiência de uso da água, Oryza sativa, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, water-use efficiency
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Informação TecnológicaPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 47, n. 10, p. 1455-1461, 2012.