Melhoramento genético da mamona visando incremento de flores femininas
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Data
2011-01-01
Autores
Bertozzo, Fernanda [UNESP]
Lara, Ana Carolina da Costa [UNESP]
Zanotto, Maurício Dutra [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar métodos de seleção visando ao aumento de flores femininas na população FCA-UNESP-PB de mamona (Ricinus communis L.). A seleção foi realizada no município de Botucatu (SP), na safrinha de 2007. Por meio de seleção massal, foram selecionadas plantas com racemo primário estritamente feminino. Destas plantas, as que tinham reversão sexual foram autofecundadas. As avaliações foram realizadas na safrinha de 2008 em Botucatu e São Manuel (SP), onde foram comparados os tratamentos: método de seleção massal; método de seleção massal com autofecundação e testemunha (racemos de plantas colhidos ao acaso, sem seleção). Foram avaliados: porcentagem de flores femininas do racemo primário (%), produtividade de grãos (kg ha-1) e teor de óleo das sementes (%). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com 30 repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância individual para cada local e conjuntamente para os dois locais, pelo teste F a 1% de probabilidade. Mediante os resultados conclui- se que o método de seleção massal com autofecundação foi aquele que proporcionou maiores valores de porcentagem de flores femininas no racemo primário, com ganho fenotípico realizado de 18% em Botucatu e 29% em São Manuel (SP). Por meio dos métodos de seleção, notou-se comportamento diferencial em relação aos locais para a característica produtividade de grãos, e o método seleção massal com autofecundação proporcionou a menor produtividade. No teor de óleo não houve diferenças significativas entre os métodos e os locais avaliados.
The objective of this research was to test selection methods in order to increase female flowers percentage of castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.) from population FCA-UNESP-PB. Selection of plants was done in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, during the out-of-season crop of 2007. Plants with primary raceme strictly female were selected by the mass selection and plants that presented sex reversion were selfed. Evaluations were taken in out-of-season crop of 2008 in Botucatu and São Manuel, State of São Paulo, when the following treatments were compared: mass selection method; mass selection method with selfing; and control (racemes of plants collected at random, without selection). The traits evaluated were female flowers percentage on primary raceme (%), grain yield (kg ha-1) and seeds oil content (%). The experimental design was in randomized block design with 30 replications. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance of each individual environment and both environments together, by the F test at 1% probability level. From the results obtained, it is concluded that mass selection method with selfing presented the highest female flowers percentage on primary raceme, with 18% of phenotypic gain in Botucatu and 29% in São Manuel, State of São Paulo. The selection methods presented distinguished behavior comparing the two environments for grain yield, with mass selection with selfing presenting the lowest yield. The oil content was not affected by selection methods and environments.
The objective of this research was to test selection methods in order to increase female flowers percentage of castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.) from population FCA-UNESP-PB. Selection of plants was done in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, during the out-of-season crop of 2007. Plants with primary raceme strictly female were selected by the mass selection and plants that presented sex reversion were selfed. Evaluations were taken in out-of-season crop of 2008 in Botucatu and São Manuel, State of São Paulo, when the following treatments were compared: mass selection method; mass selection method with selfing; and control (racemes of plants collected at random, without selection). The traits evaluated were female flowers percentage on primary raceme (%), grain yield (kg ha-1) and seeds oil content (%). The experimental design was in randomized block design with 30 replications. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance of each individual environment and both environments together, by the F test at 1% probability level. From the results obtained, it is concluded that mass selection method with selfing presented the highest female flowers percentage on primary raceme, with 18% of phenotypic gain in Botucatu and 29% in São Manuel, State of São Paulo. The selection methods presented distinguished behavior comparing the two environments for grain yield, with mass selection with selfing presenting the lowest yield. The oil content was not affected by selection methods and environments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ricinus communis L., seleção massal, autofecundação, expressão sexual, Ricinus communis L., mass selection, selfing, sexual expression
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 70, n. 2, p. 271-277, 2011.