Dinâmica de nutrientes na solução do solo em pomar fertirrigado de citros
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Data
2012-06-01
Autores
Souza, Thais Regina de
Villas Boas, Roberto Lyra [UNESP]
Quaggio, José Antônio
Salomão, Leandro Caixeta [UNESP]
Foratto, Letícia Cecília [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica de nutrientes na solução do solo após a aplicação, via fertirrigação, de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio a laranjeiras. O experimento foi realizado entre setembro de 2007 e outubro de 2009, em pomares de laranjeiras 'Valência' e 'Hamlin', enxertadas sobre citrumeleiro 'Swingle'. Foram avaliadas cinco doses de N, P2O5 e K2O (0, 25, 50, 100 e 200% da dose recomendada). A solução do solo foi extraída a 30 e 60 cm de profundidade, com o auxílio de extratores com cápsulas porosas. Foram realizadas 11 avaliações durante o período experimental, com as extrações iniciadas após 12 horas das fertirrigações. O aumento das doses reduziu o pH (pH~3,5, na maior dose), e aumentou a condutividade elétrica (CE~1,5 dS m-1, na maior dose) e os teores de NH4, NO3, P, K, Mn e Zn na solução do solo, nas duas profundidades amostradas. Nos meses com maior precipitação pluvial, houve perda potencial de nutrientes por lixiviação, pois maiores concentrações de NO3, K e B foram observadas à profundidade de 60 cm. A análise da solução do solo, obtida por extratores com cápsula de cerâmica porosa, pode ser considerada ferramenta auxiliar para monitorar e avaliar a disponibilidade de nutrientes às plantas.
The objective of this work was to evaluate nutrient dynamics in soil solution after fertigated application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to orange trees. The experiment was carried out from September 2007 to October 2009, in 'Valência' and 'Hamlin' orange orchards grafted onto citrumelo 'Swingle' rootstock. Five doses of N, P2O5 and K2O (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200% of the recommended dose) were evaluated. Soil solution was extracted from 30 and 60 cm soil depths using extractors with porous cups. Eleven evaluations were done during the experimental period, with extractions beginning 12 hours after fertigation. Increasing nutrient doses decreased pH (pH~3.5, at the highest dose), and increased electrical conductivity (CE~1.5 dS m-1, at the highest dose) and the amounts of NH4, NO3, P, K, Mn, and Zn in the soil solution, in both sampled depths. In the months with heavier rainfall, there was nutrient potential losses by leaching, since higher concentrations of NO3, K, and B were observed at the 60 cm soil depth. Soil solution analysis, obtained by extractors with porous ceramic cups, can be considered an auxiliary tool for monitoring and assessing nutrient availability to plants.
The objective of this work was to evaluate nutrient dynamics in soil solution after fertigated application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to orange trees. The experiment was carried out from September 2007 to October 2009, in 'Valência' and 'Hamlin' orange orchards grafted onto citrumelo 'Swingle' rootstock. Five doses of N, P2O5 and K2O (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200% of the recommended dose) were evaluated. Soil solution was extracted from 30 and 60 cm soil depths using extractors with porous cups. Eleven evaluations were done during the experimental period, with extractions beginning 12 hours after fertigation. Increasing nutrient doses decreased pH (pH~3.5, at the highest dose), and increased electrical conductivity (CE~1.5 dS m-1, at the highest dose) and the amounts of NH4, NO3, P, K, Mn, and Zn in the soil solution, in both sampled depths. In the months with heavier rainfall, there was nutrient potential losses by leaching, since higher concentrations of NO3, K, and B were observed at the 60 cm soil depth. Soil solution analysis, obtained by extractors with porous ceramic cups, can be considered an auxiliary tool for monitoring and assessing nutrient availability to plants.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus sinensis, acidificação, cápsula porosa, extrator de solução, fertirrigação, lixiviação, Citrus sinensis, acidification, porous cups, solution extractor, fertigation, leaching
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Informação TecnológicaPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 47, n. 6, p. 846-854, 2012.