Dietary electrolyte balance for broiler chickens exposed to thermoneutral or heat-stress environments
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Data
2003-03-01
Autores
Borges, S. A. [UNESP]
Fischer Da Silva, A. V. [UNESP]
Ariki, J. [UNESP]
Hooge, D. M.
Cummings, K. R.
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Resumo
Ross male broiler chicks (n = 480) on new litter were used in a randomized block design with two blocks (environmental rooms) and four treatments having four replicate pens (1.0 × 2.5 m; 15 chicks) each to evaluate dietary electrolyte balance (DEB; P < 0.05). Two rooms were 1) thermoneutral (Weeks 1 through 6, with decreasing maximum from 32 to 25°C and minimum from 28 to 19°C; relative humidity 49 to 58%) and 2) cyclic daily heat stress (Weeks 1 and 2, thermoneutral; Weeks 2 through 6, maximum temperatures 35, 35, 33, and 33°C, respectively; and minimum temperatures 23, 20, 19, and 19°C, respectively; relative humidity 51 to 54%). The DEB treatments (0, 140, 240, or 340 mEq Na + K - Cl/kg) had NaHCO3 plus NH4Cl, or KHCO3, or both added to corn-soybean meal mash basal diets with 0.30% salt (NaCl). In the thermoneutral room, DEB 240 increased 42-d weight gain and 44-d lymphocyte percentage and decreased heterophil percentage and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio compared to the DEB 40 treatment. The DEB 240 diets had 0.35 and 0.35% Na and 0.37% and 0.29% Cl in starter (0.75% K) and grower (0.67% K) diets, respectively. No DEB treatment differences were found in the heat stress room. For combined rooms, 42-d feed intake was higher for DEB 240 than for DEB 40. The 21-d weight gain was higher for DEB 240 than for DEB 40 or 140; and 21-d feed/gain was lower for DEB 40 than for DEB 340. The predicted maximum point of inflection for 21- and 42-d weight gains were DEB 250 and 201, with highest 42-d feed intake at 220.
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Palavras-chave
Broiler, Chloride, Dietary electrolyte balance, Heat stress, Sodium, Gallus gallus, Glycine max, Zea mays, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate, chloride, electrolyte, potassium bicarbonate, potassium derivative, animal, chicken, diet, eating, energy metabolism, heat, humidity, maize, male, pH, physiology, potassium intake, regression analysis, sodium intake, soybean, stress, weight gain, Ammonium Chloride, Animals, Bicarbonates, Chickens, Chlorides, Diet, Eating, Electrolytes, Energy Metabolism, Heat, Humidity, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Potassium Compounds, Potassium, Dietary, Regression Analysis, Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium, Dietary, Soybeans, Stress, Weight Gain
Como citar
Poultry Science, v. 82, n. 3, p. 428-435, 2003.