Avaliação de híbridos de mamona de porte baixo em espaçamento reduzido em condições de safrinha
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Data
2012-04-26
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A mamona tem demonstrado grande importância ao ser cultivada no período de safrinha, após cultivo de milho ou soja, e seu melhoramento visa à obtenção de materiais genéticos adaptados às condições de cerrado e com características apropriadas ao cultivo mecanizado. A implantação da cultura utilizando espaçamento reduzido entre plantas tem como finalidade adaptar a mamoneira às condições de cultivo similar ao da soja, para o aproveitamento do mesmo maquinário agrícola. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de híbridos de mamona no período de safrinha em espaçamento reduzido. Foram instalados dois experimentos no município de Primavera do Leste – MT, em 2011, ambos conduzidos em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. O primeiro experimento foi composto por 11 híbridos e uma cultivar testemunha IAC 2028, com espaçamento de 0,45m entre linhas e 0,35m entre plantas. O segundo, composto por sete híbridos e a mesma testemunha, com espaçamento de 0,45 m entre linhas e 0,50 m entre plantas. As características avaliadas foram produtividade de grãos (PG), porcentagem de plantas femininas (%), altura média das plantas (AP), altura de inserção do racemo primário (AI), diâmetro do colmo (DC) e número médio de racemos (NR). Para ambos os experimentos, os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância através do teste F e a comparação entre médias pelo teste de Duncan a 5% de probabilidade.No experimento 1, em relação a produtividade de grãos, verificou-se que os híbridos diferiram entre si, com maior produtividade observada no híbridos 4, com médias de 5.392,40 kg.ha-1. A testemunha (12) obteve uma produção menor que a média geral para esta característica. Foiconstatado que os materiais avaliados são de porte muito baixo (90 cm a 150 cm de altura), aptos para colheita...
Castor beans has shown great importance to be grown in off season conditions, after growing of maize or soybeans, and its crop breeding program aims toobtaining genetic material adapted to savanna conditions and characteristics appropriated to mechanized cultivation.Crop deployment by row spacing between plants is intended to adjust the castor to growing conditions similar to soybean, becoming possible the use of the same agricultural machinery. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of castor hybrids in off season conditions in reduced spacing.Two field trials were installed in Primavera do Leste, Brazil, MatoGrosso State, in 2011, both were carried out in randomly blocks design with four replications. Experiment 1 was constituted by 11 hybrids and one check (IAC 2028), in the spacing of 0.45m between lines and 0.35m between plants.The second onewas constituted by 7 hybrids andthe same check, in the spacing of 0.45m between lines and 0.50m between plants. Characteristics evaluated were grain yield (PG), percentage of pistillate plants (%), plant height (AP), the insertion height of primary raceme (AI), stemdiameter(DC) e average number of racemes (NR). In both experiments, the data obtained were submitted to variance analysis by F test and means compared by Duncan test with 5% probability level. In experiment 1, for grain yieldit was observed that hybridsdiffer from each other, with higher yields observed in 4hybrid, withmean of5.392,40 kg.ha-1.IAC 2028 check resulted in inferior 4 grain yield. It was verified that evaluated are dwarf size (90cm to 150cm of height), suitable for mechanical harvesting. For the other genotypes evaluated traits, check showed lower values in relation to hybrids. In experiment 2, for grain yield no significant difference between hybrids was detected. Hybrid... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Castor beans has shown great importance to be grown in off season conditions, after growing of maize or soybeans, and its crop breeding program aims toobtaining genetic material adapted to savanna conditions and characteristics appropriated to mechanized cultivation.Crop deployment by row spacing between plants is intended to adjust the castor to growing conditions similar to soybean, becoming possible the use of the same agricultural machinery. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of castor hybrids in off season conditions in reduced spacing.Two field trials were installed in Primavera do Leste, Brazil, MatoGrosso State, in 2011, both were carried out in randomly blocks design with four replications. Experiment 1 was constituted by 11 hybrids and one check (IAC 2028), in the spacing of 0.45m between lines and 0.35m between plants.The second onewas constituted by 7 hybrids andthe same check, in the spacing of 0.45m between lines and 0.50m between plants. Characteristics evaluated were grain yield (PG), percentage of pistillate plants (%), plant height (AP), the insertion height of primary raceme (AI), stemdiameter(DC) e average number of racemes (NR). In both experiments, the data obtained were submitted to variance analysis by F test and means compared by Duncan test with 5% probability level. In experiment 1, for grain yieldit was observed that hybridsdiffer from each other, with higher yields observed in 4hybrid, withmean of5.392,40 kg.ha-1.IAC 2028 check resulted in inferior 4 grain yield. It was verified that evaluated are dwarf size (90cm to 150cm of height), suitable for mechanical harvesting. For the other genotypes evaluated traits, check showed lower values in relation to hybrids. In experiment 2, for grain yield no significant difference between hybrids was detected. Hybrid... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mecanização agrícola, Hibridação, Mamona - Cultivo, Mamona - Colheita, Mamona - Espaçamento, Farm mechanization
Como citar
SILVA, Tatiana Marcondes Novaes. Avaliação de híbridos de mamona de porte baixo em espaçamento reduzido em condições de safrinha. 2012. iv, 37 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.