Dessecação com Glyphosate em pré-colheita e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja
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Data
2009-06-22
Autores
Souza, Fabiany Lilyani Gonçalves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A tecnologia para produção de sementes preconiza a realização da colheita na maturidade fisiológica, ou próximo a ela, em razão da redução da qualidade, a partir desse estádio, dependente das condições climáticas, principalmente, temperatura e umidade relativa do ambiente a que ficam expostas ate o momento de colheita. Muitos agricultores utilizam o herbicida glyphosate, como herbicida dessecante em pré-colheita, da cultura da soja, mas ha duvidas sobre a qualidade do produto final. Desse modo, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja, provenientes de plantas dessecadas em pre-colheita, com o herbicida glyphosate e a sensibilidade de cinco cultivares a esse tratamento. Plantas das cultivares BRS 133, BRS 184, BRS 267, Conquista e Embrapa 48, foram dessecadas quando atingiram a maturidade fisiologica, com cinco doses do herbicida glyphosate (0,0; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 Lha-1). As sementes foram analisadas mediante avaliações de teor de agua, massa de 100 sementes, percentual de sementes esverdeadas, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento de plantula, massa de matéria seca, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, viabilidade, emergência de plantulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência de plantulas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições totalizando 25 tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial com 5 cultivares x 5 doses do herbicida glyphosate e as medias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey (P0,05). Com base nos resultados apresentados e discutidos no presente trabalho concluiu-se que a aplicação do dessecante glyphosate, em doses iguais ou superiores a 2,0 Lha-1 pode influenciar negativamente a qualidade...
The technology for seed production requires the completion of harvest at the closest point of physiological maturity, because in general, it is possible to say that the quality of seeds decreased from that point, depending on weather conditions, mainly temperature and relative humidity of the environment in which they are exposed, until the time of harvest. Many producers use the herbicide glyphosate, to complete the process of pre-harvest desiccation of the soybean crop, but there are doubts about the quality of the final product. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds from plants desiccated pre-harvest, with the herbicide glyphosate. Plants of cultivars BRS 133, BRS 184, BRS 267, Embrapa 48 e Conquista, were desiccated when they reached physiological maturity, with five doses of the herbicide glyphosate (0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2, 5 Lha-1). The seeds were analyzed by evaluation of water content, mass of one hundred seeds, percentage of greenish seeds, germination, first count of germination, seedling length, dry weight, aging, electrical conductivity, feasibility studies, field emergence, rate of speed emergency and speed of field emergence. The experimental design was completely randomized. For the statistical analysis were analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey test (P 0,05). Based on the results presented and discussed in this study concluded that the application of glyphosate doses 2,0L.ha-1 negatively influence the physiological quality of seeds. Cultivar BRS 133 presented the lowest sensitivity to the effects of desiccant used in pre-harvest
The technology for seed production requires the completion of harvest at the closest point of physiological maturity, because in general, it is possible to say that the quality of seeds decreased from that point, depending on weather conditions, mainly temperature and relative humidity of the environment in which they are exposed, until the time of harvest. Many producers use the herbicide glyphosate, to complete the process of pre-harvest desiccation of the soybean crop, but there are doubts about the quality of the final product. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds from plants desiccated pre-harvest, with the herbicide glyphosate. Plants of cultivars BRS 133, BRS 184, BRS 267, Embrapa 48 e Conquista, were desiccated when they reached physiological maturity, with five doses of the herbicide glyphosate (0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2, 5 Lha-1). The seeds were analyzed by evaluation of water content, mass of one hundred seeds, percentage of greenish seeds, germination, first count of germination, seedling length, dry weight, aging, electrical conductivity, feasibility studies, field emergence, rate of speed emergency and speed of field emergence. The experimental design was completely randomized. For the statistical analysis were analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey test (P 0,05). Based on the results presented and discussed in this study concluded that the application of glyphosate doses 2,0L.ha-1 negatively influence the physiological quality of seeds. Cultivar BRS 133 presented the lowest sensitivity to the effects of desiccant used in pre-harvest
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cereais - Secagem, Fisiologia vegetal, Soja - Semente, Herbicidas
Como citar
SOUZA, Fabiany Lilyani Gonçalves. Dessecação com Glyphosate em pré-colheita e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja. 2009. xii, 49 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.