Morfo-anatomia de raízes tuberosas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivar IAC 576-70 em diferentes preparos do solo
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Data
2012-02-24
Autores
Figueiredo, Priscila Gonzales [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Características físicas do solo como porosidade, retenção de água, densidade e resistência a penetração são influenciadas diretamente pelo tipo de preparo do solo. Em resposta a estas modificações ocorrem adaptações morfofisiológicas das raízes. Verifica-se na literatura relatos sobre a influência de diferentes tipos de preparos do solo na produção e na qualidade culinária de raízes de mandioca cultivadas em diferentes tipos de solo, entretanto são desconhecidos os fatores, pertinentes às raízes, que determinam essas diferenças, o que leva a hipótese de que estes fatores possam ser de ordem morfo-anatômica. Diante disso, objetivou-se através deste trabalho de pesquisa estudar a influência de três tipos de preparo do solo (cultivo mínimo, plantio convencional e plantio direto) nas características físicas do solo, produção, morfologia e anatomia de raízes tuberosas de Manihot esculenta Crantz cultivar IAC 576-70. Para isso foi conduzido um experimento a campo em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas e seis repetições. Foram consideradas as causas de variação os tratamentos, preparos do solo, a saber: cultivo mínimo (CM), preparo convencional (PC) e plantio direto (PD) e a idade da planta, em dias após o plantio (DAP). No delineamento experimental os preparos do solo foram considerados parcelas e as idades da planta ou épocas de amostragens as subparcelas, neste experimento foram avaliados a micro, macro e porosidade total, teor de água e resistência a penetração do solo, número, comprimento, diâmetro, massas fresca e seca, porcentagem...
Soil physical characteristics such as porosity, soil water content, bulk density and penetration resistance are directly affected by tillage. In response to these changes occur roots’ morpho-physiological adaptations. In the literature there are reports about the influence of different tillage on the cassava root yields and culinary qualities affected by soil types. However the factors inner roots which determine these differences are unknown, which leads to the hypothesis that these factors may be morphological or anatomical. So the objective of this work was to study the influence of three tillage types (minimum tillage, conventional tillage and no tillage) on soil physical properties, yield, morphology and anatomy of Manihot esculenta Crantz, cultivar IAC 576-70 roots. For those was conducted a field experiment, which experimental design was randomized block in split-plot with six replications. That were considered variation causes, the treatments: minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) and plant age, in days after planting (DAP). In the experiment the treatments, tillages, were considered the plots and the subplots were established by plant ages or times of sampling (DAP). In this experiment were evaluated micro, macro and total porosity, soil water content and soil penetration resistance, number, length, diameter, fresh and dry weight, percentage of dry mass, morphological and anatomical characteristics and the proportion of tissues that make up the cassava tuberous roots at different ages of the plant. From the results of these evaluations there was possible to conclude that he order of setting of yield components of sweet cassava cv. IAC 576-70 are independent of tillage, and are defined in the following order: number of root, length, diameter, fresh weight, dry weight... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Soil physical characteristics such as porosity, soil water content, bulk density and penetration resistance are directly affected by tillage. In response to these changes occur roots’ morpho-physiological adaptations. In the literature there are reports about the influence of different tillage on the cassava root yields and culinary qualities affected by soil types. However the factors inner roots which determine these differences are unknown, which leads to the hypothesis that these factors may be morphological or anatomical. So the objective of this work was to study the influence of three tillage types (minimum tillage, conventional tillage and no tillage) on soil physical properties, yield, morphology and anatomy of Manihot esculenta Crantz, cultivar IAC 576-70 roots. For those was conducted a field experiment, which experimental design was randomized block in split-plot with six replications. That were considered variation causes, the treatments: minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) and plant age, in days after planting (DAP). In the experiment the treatments, tillages, were considered the plots and the subplots were established by plant ages or times of sampling (DAP). In this experiment were evaluated micro, macro and total porosity, soil water content and soil penetration resistance, number, length, diameter, fresh and dry weight, percentage of dry mass, morphological and anatomical characteristics and the proportion of tissues that make up the cassava tuberous roots at different ages of the plant. From the results of these evaluations there was possible to conclude that he order of setting of yield components of sweet cassava cv. IAC 576-70 are independent of tillage, and are defined in the following order: number of root, length, diameter, fresh weight, dry weight... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mandioca - Morfoanatomia de raízes, Anatomia vegetal, Cassava root - Morphology and anatomy
Como citar
FIGUEIREDO, Priscila Gonzales. Morfo-anatomia de raízes tuberosas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivar IAC 576-70 em diferentes preparos do solo. 2012. xi, 73 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2012.