Influência da heterogeneidade ambiental na diversidade, uso de hábitat e biocústica de anuros de área aberta no noroeste paulista
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2007-04-12
Autores
Silva, Rodrigo Augusto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo foi intensivamente desmatada durante a expansão agrícola ocorrida no século passado resultando hoje, apenas pequenos fragmentos da vegetação original que a recobria. Cerca de 32 espécies de anuros estão registradas para essa região, mas estudos específicos sobre a importância do ambiente na diversidade de espécies, uso de hábitat e bioacústica ainda são escassos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a influência do ambiente na riqueza e abundância de anuros, bem como o uso de hábitat e a utilização do espaço acústico pelas taxocenoses de anuros da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Foram estudados as taxocenoses de anuros de 6 corpos d'água ao longo de 12 meses, no período de setembro de 2004 a agosto de 2005. Foram registradas dezoito espécies de anuros utilizando estes corpos d'água. A maior riqueza de espécies ocorreu no corpo d'água com maior heterogeneidade ambiental, e a maior abundância de espécies ocorreu no corpo d'água com maior área. A distribuição temporal e riqueza das espécies foi praticamente restrito à estação chuvosa. A maior riqueza de machos em atividade de vocalização ocorreu em novembro, e a maior abundância em janeiro, juntamente com o maior volume de precipitação pluviométrica e de umidade relativa. Os corpos d'água amostrados foram estruturalmente semelhantes, com alta sobreposição nas características estruturais. Apesar disso, houve similaridade entre os corpos d'água com baixa e alta heterogeneidade ambiental. Foi possível perceber características dos corpos 10 d'água que favorecem a ocorrência de algumas espécies. A similaridade no sítio de vocalização em cada corpo d'água demonstrou pouca sobreposição para este recurso. Houve maior sobreposição entre as espécies que vocalizaram apoiados no solo ou flutuando na água do que entre aquelas...
The northwestern region of São Paulo state was exhaustively deforested during the agricultural expansion last century. The result nowadays is that there are only small areas of vegetation left. There are some 32 species considered for this region, but specific studies made on the importance of environment for the diversity of species, habitat use and bioacoustics are still rare. This current study was to investigate the influence of environment on the richness and abundance of anurans, as well as the habitat use and the acoustic space usage for anuran assemblages at the northwestern region of São Paulo state. To do so, anuran assemblages found in six ponds were studied during 12 months (september 2004 to august 2005). Eighteen different species of anurans were found in these ponds. The upper species richness was found in ponds which presented the higher environmental heterogeneity; the upper species abundance was found in the largest pond. Temporal distribution and species richness were practically limited to the rain season. The upper richness of calling mates occurred in November, and the upper abundance was observed in January, along with a higher volume of rainfall and relative humidity. The tested ponds presented similar structures, with a high overlap in structural features. However, there were similarities among the water bodies with high and low environmental heterogeneity. It was possible to notice features of the ponds that favor the occurrence of some species. The resemblance in call site for each pond showed a low overlap for this resource. There was a higher overlap in species that vocalized leaning on the floor or floating on water rather than those which vocalized when roosted in vegetation (Hylidae). This is possibly related to a lower capacity of space allocation in bi dimensional plan than in three dimensional one, since the presence of adhesive discs allow hylid frogs...(Complete abstract click eletronic below)
The northwestern region of São Paulo state was exhaustively deforested during the agricultural expansion last century. The result nowadays is that there are only small areas of vegetation left. There are some 32 species considered for this region, but specific studies made on the importance of environment for the diversity of species, habitat use and bioacoustics are still rare. This current study was to investigate the influence of environment on the richness and abundance of anurans, as well as the habitat use and the acoustic space usage for anuran assemblages at the northwestern region of São Paulo state. To do so, anuran assemblages found in six ponds were studied during 12 months (september 2004 to august 2005). Eighteen different species of anurans were found in these ponds. The upper species richness was found in ponds which presented the higher environmental heterogeneity; the upper species abundance was found in the largest pond. Temporal distribution and species richness were practically limited to the rain season. The upper richness of calling mates occurred in November, and the upper abundance was observed in January, along with a higher volume of rainfall and relative humidity. The tested ponds presented similar structures, with a high overlap in structural features. However, there were similarities among the water bodies with high and low environmental heterogeneity. It was possible to notice features of the ponds that favor the occurrence of some species. The resemblance in call site for each pond showed a low overlap for this resource. There was a higher overlap in species that vocalized leaning on the floor or floating on water rather than those which vocalized when roosted in vegetation (Hylidae). This is possibly related to a lower capacity of space allocation in bi dimensional plan than in three dimensional one, since the presence of adhesive discs allow hylid frogs...(Complete abstract click eletronic below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ecologia animal, Anuro, Biodiversidade - Região noroeste (SP), Bioacustica, Descritores ambientais, Sítio de vocalização, Diversidade biológica - Região noroeste (SP), Anurans
Como citar
SILVA, Rodrigo Augusto. Influência da heterogeneidade ambiental na diversidade, uso de hábitat e biocústica de anuros de área aberta no noroeste paulista. 2007. 92 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2007.