Qualidade microbiológica do ambiente e da tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) produzida em sistema de tanques-rede no reservatório de Chavantes, SP
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Data
2012-02-29
Autores
Castilho, Ivana Giovannetti [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A piscicultura é o setor mais popular da aquicultura e o Brasil tem grande potencial para desenvolvimento da atividade devido às características do país e ao aumento no consumo de peixes. O reservatório de Chavantes, no Médio Rio Paranapanema, possui diversas pisciculturas de tanques-rede com criação de tilápias. No entanto, esses sistemas são intensivos com altas densidades de estocagem e de fornecimento de ração, o que pode ser prejudicial para a qualidade da água e saúde dos animais, trazendo conseqüências ecológicas, econômicas e sociais. Aeromonas e Pseudomonas estão entre os principais patógenos de peixes, porém, no ambiente e na produção de uma piscicultura, uma grande variedade de micro-organismos pode ser identificada sem provocar doenças nos animais, mas sendo via de transmissão de agentes patogênicos para o homem, como Salmonella sp e Staphylococcus aureus. A determinação de coliformes termotolerantes também é de grande importância na vigilância da contaminação por patógenos nos sistemas de criação de peixes. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de pescados tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) criados em sistema de tanques-rede no reservatório de Chavantes (médio rio Paranapanema, SP), bem como a qualidade da água e da ração nesses sistemas. As análises foram feitas em quatro ciclos de produção, dois de verão e dois e inverno, através da pesquisa de Pseudomonas sp, Salmonella sp, S. aureus e coliformes termotolerantes (CTe) nos pescados, Salmonella sp e CTe na água e Salmonella na ração. No primeiro ciclo de verão, 8% das amostras de peixes estavam contaminadas com Aeromonas, 4% com Pseudomonas sp e 37,3% das amostras com NMP de CTe/g acima de 103. Não foram detectados Salmonella ou S. aureus. O primeiro ciclo...
Fish farming is the most popular modality of aquaculture and Brazil has great potential for this activity due to its characteristics and increased consumption of fish. The Chavantes reservoir, at Middle Paranapanema River has several fish farms using cages to create tilapia. However, these systems are intensive and therefore use high stocking and feeding densities, which can be detrimental to water quality and animal health. Aeromonas and Pseudomonas are among the main pathogens of fish, but a variety of micro-organism can be identified in the environment and in a fish farm without causing disease in animals, but them can act as a route of disease transmission to humans, as those caused by Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. The fecal coliforms determination is also important in surveillance of the contamination by pathogens in fish farming systems. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of Nile-tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in cages in Chavantes reservoir (Middle Paranapanema River, SP) and water and feed quality in these systems. Analyses were done during four production cycles, two in the summer and two in the winter, by researching Aeromonas sp, Pseudomonas sp, Salmonella, S. aureus and thermotolerant coliforms (TC) in fish, Salmonella and TC in water and Salmonella in feed samples. In the first summer cycle, 8% of the fish samples were contaminated with Aeromonas sp, 4% with Pseudomonas sp and 37.3% with over 103 MPN TC/g. There were no samples with Salmonella or S. aureus. The first winter cycle presented 10% of fish samples with Aeromonas sp, 6.1% with Pseudomonas sp, 1.1% with S. aureus, Salmonella in 0.5% and 58.9% above the allowed limit for TC/g. In the second cycle of summer, 10.6% of the samples were contaminated with Aeromonas sp, 8% with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Fish farming is the most popular modality of aquaculture and Brazil has great potential for this activity due to its characteristics and increased consumption of fish. The Chavantes reservoir, at Middle Paranapanema River has several fish farms using cages to create tilapia. However, these systems are intensive and therefore use high stocking and feeding densities, which can be detrimental to water quality and animal health. Aeromonas and Pseudomonas are among the main pathogens of fish, but a variety of micro-organism can be identified in the environment and in a fish farm without causing disease in animals, but them can act as a route of disease transmission to humans, as those caused by Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. The fecal coliforms determination is also important in surveillance of the contamination by pathogens in fish farming systems. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of Nile-tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in cages in Chavantes reservoir (Middle Paranapanema River, SP) and water and feed quality in these systems. Analyses were done during four production cycles, two in the summer and two in the winter, by researching Aeromonas sp, Pseudomonas sp, Salmonella, S. aureus and thermotolerant coliforms (TC) in fish, Salmonella and TC in water and Salmonella in feed samples. In the first summer cycle, 8% of the fish samples were contaminated with Aeromonas sp, 4% with Pseudomonas sp and 37.3% with over 103 MPN TC/g. There were no samples with Salmonella or S. aureus. The first winter cycle presented 10% of fish samples with Aeromonas sp, 6.1% with Pseudomonas sp, 1.1% with S. aureus, Salmonella in 0.5% and 58.9% above the allowed limit for TC/g. In the second cycle of summer, 10.6% of the samples were contaminated with Aeromonas sp, 8% with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microbiologia aquatica, Salmonella, Peixe - Criação, Tilapia (Peixe), Aquatic microbiology
Como citar
CASTILHO, Ivana Giovannetti. Qualidade microbiológica do ambiente e da tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) produzida em sistema de tanques-rede no reservatório de Chavantes, SP. 2012. 50 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2012.