Estudo comparativo da ação antimicrobiana de extratos e óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais e sinergismo com drogas antimicrobiannas
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Data
2010-02-24
Autores
Silva, Nathália Cristina Cirone [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A propriedade antimicrobiana das plantas pode ser explicada pela produção de compostos ativos gerados durante o metabolismo secundário. Atualmente os conhecimentos, as vezes empíricos, desta propriedade têm sido confirmados cientificamente, revelando assim o enorme potencial das plantas no controle de doenças infecciosas, enquanto verifica-se um aumento nos casos de microrganismos patogênicos resistentes aos antimicrobianos conhecidos. Extratos e óleos essenciais de plantas têm mostrado efeitos sobre desenvolvimento de microrganismos em inúmeras situações, o que sugere uso prático destes produtos. O estudo teve por objetivo comparar a ação inibidora de extratos e óleos essenciais de quatro plantas (pitanga - Eugenia uniflora, Alecrim do Campo - Baccharis dracunculifo/ia, Camomila - Matricaria chamomilla e Assa Peixe - Vernonia polyanthes) sobre linhagens de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli, através da diluição dos antimicrobianos vegetais em meio Mueller Hinton Agar e verificação dos valores de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). De maneira geral verificou-se efeito antimicrobiano para todos os produtos vegetais, com uma discreta tendência de maior susceptibilidade para a bactéria Gram positiva. Os resultados apontam os extratos de pitanga e assa peixe como os mais efetivos sobre S.aureus e E.co/i. Em relação aos óleos, os óleos de alecrim do campo e pitanga foram os mais eficientes sobre s.aureus. Para E.coli, evidenciou-se os óleos de assa peixe e alecrim do campo como os mais eficientes. Em uma segunda etapa do estudo verificou-se possíveis interações entre estes derivados vegetais com drogas antimicrobianas utilizando metodologia dos discos, adaptado de Kirby&Bauer e através da determinação de curvas de sobrevivência utilizando misturas entre as drogas convencionais e antimicrobianos vegetais. Foi verificado nos testes in vitro uma taxa...
The antimicrobial property of plants can be explained by the production of active compounds generated during the secondary metabolismo Currently the knowledge, often empirical, of this property has been confirmed scientifically, thus revealing the potential of plants in the control of infectious diseases, while there is an increasing incidence of pathogens resistant to known antibiotics. Extracts and essential oils of plants have shown effects on development of micro-organisms in many situations, suggesting the practical use of these produets. The study aimed to compare the inhibitory action of extracts and essential oils of four plants (Surinam Cherry - Eugenia uniflora, Alecrim do Campo - Baccharis dracunculifolia, Chamomile - Matricaria chamomilla and Assa Peixe - Vernonia polyanthes) on strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through dilution of plant antimicrobials in Mueller Hinton Agar and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIe) values were performed. In general it was found antimicrobial effectiveness for alI plant products, with a slight tendency for increased susceptibility to Gram positive bacteria. The results show the extracts of Surinam cherry and assa peixe as the most effective on S. aureus and E.coli. For waste oils, aleCrim do campo and Surinam cherry were the most effeetive on S. aureus. For E.coli, there was the oils of alecrim do campo and assa peixe as the most efficient. In a second step ofthe present study, possible interactions between these plant derivatives from antimicrobial drugs using discs methodology adapted from Kirby & Bauer and by determining the survival curves using mixtures of conventional drugs and antimicrobial plant. It was observed in vitro tests a higher rate of synergism between drugs and essential oils, and essential oils of alecrim do campo and assa peixe showed a higher frequency of synergism with drugs... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The antimicrobial property of plants can be explained by the production of active compounds generated during the secondary metabolismo Currently the knowledge, often empirical, of this property has been confirmed scientifically, thus revealing the potential of plants in the control of infectious diseases, while there is an increasing incidence of pathogens resistant to known antibiotics. Extracts and essential oils of plants have shown effects on development of micro-organisms in many situations, suggesting the practical use of these produets. The study aimed to compare the inhibitory action of extracts and essential oils of four plants (Surinam Cherry - Eugenia uniflora, Alecrim do Campo - Baccharis dracunculifolia, Chamomile - Matricaria chamomilla and Assa Peixe - Vernonia polyanthes) on strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through dilution of plant antimicrobials in Mueller Hinton Agar and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIe) values were performed. In general it was found antimicrobial effectiveness for alI plant products, with a slight tendency for increased susceptibility to Gram positive bacteria. The results show the extracts of Surinam cherry and assa peixe as the most effective on S. aureus and E.coli. For waste oils, aleCrim do campo and Surinam cherry were the most effeetive on S. aureus. For E.coli, there was the oils of alecrim do campo and assa peixe as the most efficient. In a second step ofthe present study, possible interactions between these plant derivatives from antimicrobial drugs using discs methodology adapted from Kirby & Bauer and by determining the survival curves using mixtures of conventional drugs and antimicrobial plant. It was observed in vitro tests a higher rate of synergism between drugs and essential oils, and essential oils of alecrim do campo and assa peixe showed a higher frequency of synergism with drugs... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plantas medicinais - Tratamento, Agentes antiinfecciosos, Essential oil, Antimicrobial drugs
Como citar
SILVA, Nathália Cristina Cirone. Estudo comparativo da ação antimicrobiana de extratos e óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais e sinergismo com drogas antimicrobiannas. 2010. 67 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2010.