Retificação da alumina com rebolo diamantado usando diferentes métodos de lubri-refrigeração
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Data
2007-05-04
Autores
Fujita, Humberto [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O sucesso da cerâmica estrutural na maioria das aplicações depende não somente das propriedades do material e do projeto da peça, mas também da qualidade do produto usinado. Um dos fatores citados como obstáculo à ampla utilização das cerâmicas é a falta de confiabilidade dos componentes de cerâmica, em função da grande dispersão dos valores de resistência mecânica provocada por defeitos que podem ter origem no processo de retificação. A retificação de cerâmica, assim como na indústria de processamento metal-mecânica, é realizada normalmente com abundância de fluidos de corte. A utilização destes fluidos refrigerantes resulta em problemas ecológicos, fisiológicos e econômicos. Desde a última década, a opinião pública, o mercado, as leis e regulamentos têm pressionado as indústrias para considerar os riscos ambientais na manufatura. Com o propósito de avaliar alternativas ao método convencional de lubri-refrigeração, foi estudada a viabilidade da técnica de refrigeração otimizada, onde o fluido de corte é aplicado à mesma velocidade periférica do rebolo, penetrando na região de corte com menos turbulência. Também foi analisada a técnica da Mínima Quantidade de Lubrificação (MQL), na qual o grande volume de fluido de corte é substituído por um jato de ar contendo uma quantidade ínfima de lubrificante. Os métodos foram comparados através da análise de desempenho durante o processo de retificação (forças de corte, emissão acústica, energia de retificação) e pela caracterização dos corpos de prova (rugosidade, danos subsuperficiais) e do rebolo (relação G). A profundidade de corte e o efeito do spark-out também formaram parte do escopo deste trabalho. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a profundidade de corte exerce grande influência durante o processo...
The success of structural ceramics in most applications depends not only on the materials properties and component design, but also the quality of machined products. One factor usually mentioned as a barrier to the wide use of ceramics is the lack of reliability of ceramic components, because the variability on the mechanical strength caused by defects that can be impaired in the grinding process. The grinding of ceramics, as much as with steel grinding is performed generally with excess of cutting fluids (coolants). The use of coolants results in serious ecological, physiological and economic issues. Since last decade the public opinion, the market, the laws and regulations have pushed the industries to consider the environmental risks in the manufacturing process. Then, in order to evaluate alternatives to the conventional method of cooling and lubrication, it was studied the viability of the optimized technique, where the cutting fluid is applied to the same peripherical speed of the wheel, penetrating in the cutting zone with less turbulence. Also, it was verified the technique of Minimum Quantity of Fluid (MQF), where a large amount of cutting fluid is replaced by an air compressed flow containing a small quantity of lubricant. The methods were compared through performance analysis during the grinding process (cutting forces, acoustic emission and specific grinding energy) and by characterization of specimens (roughness, subsurface damage) and wheel (G ratio). The depth of cut and the effect of spark-out were part of the scope of this work too. The results obtained showed that the depth of cut has great influence during the process and in the characterization of ceramics, while spark-out does not seem to be so significant. Another conclusion is that MQF is not viable in ceramics grinding with the working conditions proposed. The results obtained... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The success of structural ceramics in most applications depends not only on the materials properties and component design, but also the quality of machined products. One factor usually mentioned as a barrier to the wide use of ceramics is the lack of reliability of ceramic components, because the variability on the mechanical strength caused by defects that can be impaired in the grinding process. The grinding of ceramics, as much as with steel grinding is performed generally with excess of cutting fluids (coolants). The use of coolants results in serious ecological, physiological and economic issues. Since last decade the public opinion, the market, the laws and regulations have pushed the industries to consider the environmental risks in the manufacturing process. Then, in order to evaluate alternatives to the conventional method of cooling and lubrication, it was studied the viability of the optimized technique, where the cutting fluid is applied to the same peripherical speed of the wheel, penetrating in the cutting zone with less turbulence. Also, it was verified the technique of Minimum Quantity of Fluid (MQF), where a large amount of cutting fluid is replaced by an air compressed flow containing a small quantity of lubricant. The methods were compared through performance analysis during the grinding process (cutting forces, acoustic emission and specific grinding energy) and by characterization of specimens (roughness, subsurface damage) and wheel (G ratio). The depth of cut and the effect of spark-out were part of the scope of this work too. The results obtained showed that the depth of cut has great influence during the process and in the characterization of ceramics, while spark-out does not seem to be so significant. Another conclusion is that MQF is not viable in ceramics grinding with the working conditions proposed. The results obtained... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ciencia, Cerâmica, Lubri-refrigeração, Grinding, Ceramics, Cutting fluids
Como citar
FUJITA, Humberto. Retificação da alumina com rebolo diamantado usando diferentes métodos de lubri-refrigeração. 2007. 100 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru, 2007.