A influência do design na aplicação de forças manuais para abertura de embalagens plásticas de refrigerantes
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Data
2012-03-08
Autores
Silva, Danilo Corrêa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O design de interfaces manuais deve utilizar o conhecimento ergonômico relacionado às forças biomecânicas envolvidas na manipulação de objetos por indivíduos com características variadas, incluindo gênero e idade. Entre as interfaces mais comuns no dia-a-dia estão as embalagens, essenciais na conservação, transporte e venda da maioria dos produtos disponíveis no mercado. Deficiências no design dessas embalagens podem levar o usuário a ter dificuldades em realizar a abertura, e isso se aplica a muitas embalagens com tampas rosquedas, que representam um constrangimento aos usuários, principalmente aqueles com menores capacidades biomecânicas, como as mulheres ou os idosos. No Brasil, embalagens desta natureza são utilizadas para bebidas refrigerantes não alcóolicas, ou simplesmente refrigerantes, as quais são amplamente consumidas por indivíduos de diversas idades e ambos os gêneros. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e analisar a influência do design na aplicação de forças manuais durante uma simulação de abertura de embalagens plásticas para refrigerante. Para isso foi realizada uma avaliação biomecânica (preensão de torque), em atividades simuladas com 180 indivíduos adultos brasileiros de diferentes gêneros e faixas etárias, utilizando cinco garrafas plásticas de diferentes formatos. Adicionalmente, foi coletada a percepção de dificuldades do usuários para cada embalagem analisada. Os resulados indicam que a faixa etária adulta (30-55 anos) tem maior capacidade de abertura em relação às demais (18-29 anos; e acima de 55 anos, idosos). Também foram notadas diferenças significativas entre gêneros e entre mão dominante e não dominante em todas as situações. Além disso, as capacidades biomecânicas desses grupos foram comparadas com a necessidade real de aplicação de forças...
The design of hand interfaces should use the ergonomic knowledge related to biomechanical forces involved in manipulation by individuals with different characteristics, including age and genders groups. Among the most common interfaces in the daily living are packagings, which are essential to conservation, transportation and sales of most products on the market. Deficiencies in the design of these packagings can lead users to have difficulties in opening, and this applies to many packagings with screw caps, which represent a constraint to users, especially to users with smaller biomechanics capacity, such as women or the elderly. In Brazil, this type of packaging are used for non-alcoholic soft drinks, or just soft drinks, which are widely consumed by individuals of various ages and both genders. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the influence of design in the application of manual forces during the opening simulation of soft drinks plastic packagings. Hence, a biomechanical assessment was conducted (torque prehension), in simulated activities with 180 Brazilian adults of different genders and age groups, using five plastic bottles of different formats. Additionally, we collected the user's perception of difficulty for each packaging analyzed. The results indicate that the adult age group (30-55 years old) has greater capacity for opening in relation to others (18-29 years, refereed as young; and over 55 years, elderly). Also could be noted significant differences between genders and between dominant and non-dominant hand in all situations. Moreover, the biomechanical capabilities of these groups were compared to the real need for application of forces to open the packaging, allowing to estimate that a large proportion of the population that has to make great efforts to open this type packaging
The design of hand interfaces should use the ergonomic knowledge related to biomechanical forces involved in manipulation by individuals with different characteristics, including age and genders groups. Among the most common interfaces in the daily living are packagings, which are essential to conservation, transportation and sales of most products on the market. Deficiencies in the design of these packagings can lead users to have difficulties in opening, and this applies to many packagings with screw caps, which represent a constraint to users, especially to users with smaller biomechanics capacity, such as women or the elderly. In Brazil, this type of packaging are used for non-alcoholic soft drinks, or just soft drinks, which are widely consumed by individuals of various ages and both genders. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the influence of design in the application of manual forces during the opening simulation of soft drinks plastic packagings. Hence, a biomechanical assessment was conducted (torque prehension), in simulated activities with 180 Brazilian adults of different genders and age groups, using five plastic bottles of different formats. Additionally, we collected the user's perception of difficulty for each packaging analyzed. The results indicate that the adult age group (30-55 years old) has greater capacity for opening in relation to others (18-29 years, refereed as young; and over 55 years, elderly). Also could be noted significant differences between genders and between dominant and non-dominant hand in all situations. Moreover, the biomechanical capabilities of these groups were compared to the real need for application of forces to open the packaging, allowing to estimate that a large proportion of the population that has to make great efforts to open this type packaging
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Embalagens - Manipulação, Desenho industrial, Ergonomia, Biomecânica, Packaging, Industrial design, Ergonomics, Biomechanics
Como citar
SILVA, Danilo Corrêa. A influência do design na aplicação de forças manuais para abertura de embalagens plásticas de refrigerantes. 2012. 100 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação, 2012.