Educação ambiental e o trabalho com valores: olhando para os animais não humanos
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Data
2009-08-13
Autores
Santos, Janaina Roberta dos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Consideramos imprescindível questionar os atuais valores atribuídos aos animais não humanos por nossa sociedade, resultado de uma perspectiva utilitarista pela qual são valorizados predominantemente como recursos, sem reconhecimento e respeito pela “outridade” desses seres. Voltando-nos para o período histórico denominado Renascimento, refletimos sobre o momento em que o Humanismo ganhou força e influenciou de forma efetiva o modo como os seres humanos passariam a se relacionar com o meio ambiente e, consequentemente, com os animais não humanos. A partir dessa reflexão partimos em busca do tratamento dado ao tema dos animais não humanos nas escolas, buscando verificar as possibilidades, nesses espaços, de revisão desses valores, que possibilitem a construção de outras formas de relação entre humanos e não humanos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as valorações atribuídas aos animais não humanos por professores das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental ao trabalharem com a temática ambiental em que os mesmos são abordados, caracterizando as formas como essa valoração é materializada em suas práticas. Realizamos uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, investigando professoras envolvidas em um projeto extracurricular relativo ao tema Fauna, desenvolvido em uma escola de uma cidade do interior paulista no ano 2007. Os dados foram coletados a partir de questionários, entrevistas e documentos. A análise dos dados revelou a existência de duas grandes tendências: o antropocentrismo e o antropomorfismo. Dentre as professoras que apresentaram a tendência antropocêntrica, um grupo demonstrou uma perspectiva mais antropocêntrica, em que os seres humanos eram considerados superiores aos seres não humanos, e outro grupo apresentou uma perspectiva menos antropocêntrica, em que a interdependência entre os seres foi enfatizada. A tendência antropomórfica...
We consider it essential to question the current values assigned to non-human animals in our society, resulting from a utilitarian perspective in which they are valued primarily as resources, having no recognition and respect for the otherness of these beings. Turning to the historical period called the Renaissance, we reflect on the humanism that has gained strength and has influenced effectively the way humans would relate to the environment and, therefore, to the non-human animals. From this discussion, we started out in search of the treatment of the subject about non-human animals in schools, trying to verify the possibilities of reviewing these values in these areas, which allow the construction of new forms of relationship between human and non-human. This study aims to investigate the valuations assigned to non-human animals by teachers in the early grades of primary education by working with the environment into which they are addressed, characterizing the ways in which this valuation is embodied in their practices. We conducted a qualitative study investigating teachers involved in an extracurricular project on the theme Fauna, developed in a school in the countryside of São Paulo state in 2007. Data were collected from questionnaires, interviews and documents. The data analysis revealed two major trends: anthropocentrism and anthropomorphism. Among the teachers who presented the anthropocentric tendency, one group demonstrated being more anthropocentric in that humans were considered superior to non-human beings, and another group showed a less anthropocentric tendency, in which the interdependence between these beings was emphasized. The anthropomorphic tendency, which conceives and values non-human animals from human characteristics given to them, was observed in both teachers who have submitted a more detailed argument on the subject and the anthropomorphism was not very... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
We consider it essential to question the current values assigned to non-human animals in our society, resulting from a utilitarian perspective in which they are valued primarily as resources, having no recognition and respect for the otherness of these beings. Turning to the historical period called the Renaissance, we reflect on the humanism that has gained strength and has influenced effectively the way humans would relate to the environment and, therefore, to the non-human animals. From this discussion, we started out in search of the treatment of the subject about non-human animals in schools, trying to verify the possibilities of reviewing these values in these areas, which allow the construction of new forms of relationship between human and non-human. This study aims to investigate the valuations assigned to non-human animals by teachers in the early grades of primary education by working with the environment into which they are addressed, characterizing the ways in which this valuation is embodied in their practices. We conducted a qualitative study investigating teachers involved in an extracurricular project on the theme Fauna, developed in a school in the countryside of São Paulo state in 2007. Data were collected from questionnaires, interviews and documents. The data analysis revealed two major trends: anthropocentrism and anthropomorphism. Among the teachers who presented the anthropocentric tendency, one group demonstrated being more anthropocentric in that humans were considered superior to non-human beings, and another group showed a less anthropocentric tendency, in which the interdependence between these beings was emphasized. The anthropomorphic tendency, which conceives and values non-human animals from human characteristics given to them, was observed in both teachers who have submitted a more detailed argument on the subject and the anthropomorphism was not very... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação ambiental, Valores, Ensino fundamental, Relação humano-não humano, Outridade, Animais não humanos, Environmental education, Work with values, Non-human animals
Como citar
SANTOS, Janaina Roberta dos. Educação ambiental e o trabalho com valores: olhando para os animais não humanos. 2009. 158 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2009.