Avaliação do consumo energético no preparo de solo para a cultura do algodão irrigado
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Data
2010-06-21
Autores
Montanha, Gustavo Kimura [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A mecanização permitiu grandes avanços na agricultura, dentre eles, melhor eficiência nas operações agrícolas e aumento da produtividade. Contudo, a utilização de máquinas agrícolas aumentou o consumo energético e os custos de produção das propriedades rurais, sendo a cultura do algodão em regiões semi-áridas um caso que caracteriza-se por apresentar altos custos de produção com alta dependência dos processos mecanizados. Nesse contexto, o trator agrícola surge como a principal fonte de energia e de trabalho nas propriedades rurais onde sua correta utilização e a calibração adequada dos pneus agrícolas podem influenciar diretamente na eficiência de trabalho e no consumo de combustível. O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar o consumo de combustível de um trator agrícola em duas operações de preparo de solo, variando duas pressões de inflação nos pneus em dois tipos de texturas de solos em uma região de clima semi-árido para a cultura do algodão irrigado. Os ensaios foram realizados na Fazenda Experimental Maricopa Agricultural Center - MAC, pertencente à The University of Arizona, localizada na cidade de Maricopa estado do Arizona, Estados Unidos com um trator Case 4x2 TDA com potência de 88kW (120 cv), equipado com sistema de piloto automático, com pneus dianteiros tipo 320/85R38 e 329/90R54 os traseiros. Foram instalados no trator agrícola um sistema de medição de combustível composto por fluxômetros, reguladores de fluxo e monitor digital e um sistema de aquisição de dados que coletou os dados gerados pelo receptor GNSS e pelos sensores durante a realização dos ensaios O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com um arranjo fatorial 2x2, sendo analisados a pressão de inflação dos pneus: 242 kPa (35 psi) e 124 kPa (18 psi) e o tipo de textura de solo: franco argilo arenoso (Área 1) e franco arenoso (Área 2)...
Mechanization has allowed great advances in agriculture, among them, better efficiency in agricultural operations and increasing productivity. However, the use of agricultural machinery led to higher energy consumption and production costs on the farms, where the cotton crop in semi-arid regions is characterized by presenting of high production costs with high dependence on mechanized processes. In this context, the tractor comes as the major source of energy and work in the farms where their correct use and the correct calibration of the tires can directly changes the impact on work efficiency and fuel consumption. The objective of this study was to compare the fuel consumption of an agricultural tractor in two operations of tillage, varying two inflation pressures in the tires on two types of soil texture in a region with semiarid climate for growing irrigated cotton. The tests were conducted at the Experimental Farm Maricopa Agricultural Center - MAC, owned by The University of Arizona, located in the city of Maricopa Arizona, USA, with a tractor Case 4x2 TDA, 88kW (120 hp) equipped with autopilot system, using the tires 320/85R38 type for the front and 329/90R54 for the rear. The tractor has been installed with a measurement fuel system, consisting of flowmeters, dampers and digital display and a data acquisition system that collected the data generated by the GNSS receiver and the sensors during the test. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with a 2x2 factorial arrangement, analyzed the tire inflation pressure: 242 kPa (35 psi) and 124 kPa (18 psi) and the type of soil texture: sandy clay loam (Area 1) and sandy loam (Area 2)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mechanization has allowed great advances in agriculture, among them, better efficiency in agricultural operations and increasing productivity. However, the use of agricultural machinery led to higher energy consumption and production costs on the farms, where the cotton crop in semi-arid regions is characterized by presenting of high production costs with high dependence on mechanized processes. In this context, the tractor comes as the major source of energy and work in the farms where their correct use and the correct calibration of the tires can directly changes the impact on work efficiency and fuel consumption. The objective of this study was to compare the fuel consumption of an agricultural tractor in two operations of tillage, varying two inflation pressures in the tires on two types of soil texture in a region with semiarid climate for growing irrigated cotton. The tests were conducted at the Experimental Farm Maricopa Agricultural Center - MAC, owned by The University of Arizona, located in the city of Maricopa Arizona, USA, with a tractor Case 4x2 TDA, 88kW (120 hp) equipped with autopilot system, using the tires 320/85R38 type for the front and 329/90R54 for the rear. The tractor has been installed with a measurement fuel system, consisting of flowmeters, dampers and digital display and a data acquisition system that collected the data generated by the GNSS receiver and the sensors during the test. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with a 2x2 factorial arrangement, analyzed the tire inflation pressure: 242 kPa (35 psi) and 124 kPa (18 psi) and the type of soil texture: sandy clay loam (Area 1) and sandy loam (Area 2)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mecanização agrícola, Agricultura de precisão, Consumo de combustível, Fuel consumption, Mechanization, Precision farming
Como citar
MONTANHA, Gustavo Kimura. Avaliação do consumo energético no preparo de solo para a cultura do algodão irrigado. 2010. vii, 77 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.