Geoprocessamento na identificação de ilhas de calor e influência do uso e ocupação do solo na temperatura aparente da superfície no município de Botucatu/SP
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Data
2012-12-14
Autores
Mashiki, Mônica Yuri [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A radiação eletromagnética recebida pelos materiais de diferentes composições presentes na superfície terrestre emite ondas de radiação proporcionais a sua temperatura. Segundo a lei de Planck quanto maior a temperatura de um dado corpo, maior radiação eletromagnética será emitida pelo corpo. Os satélites através dos seus sensores captam os diferentes comprimentos de onda do espectro eletromagnético gerando imagens de grande utilidade no sensoriamento remoto para estudos de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a influência dos diferentes usos e ocupação do solo na temperatura aparente da superfície no município de Botucatu/SP, através de imagens do satélite Landsat-5 captadas no dia 19/11/2010, órbita/ponto 220/076. Para o geoprocessamento das imagens utilizou-se o programa IDRISI versão ANDES. O algoritmo thermal foi utilizado para transformação dos níveis de cinza em graus Celsius. Foram utilizadas as bandas 3, 4 e 5 para composição falsa cor e visualização dos diferentes usos do solo e a banda 6, para a confecção do mapa temático da temperatura aparente da superfície. Dentre as classes verificadas, a classe de uso água apresentou a menor temperatura, 20.9ºC, devido ao seu elevado calor específico (1cal/gºC). Para classe de uso Eucalipto a temperatura encontrada foi 23.8ºC. A classe mata nativa variou sua temperatura entre 25.5 – 23.65 ºC, dentre as duas áreas distintas observadas. A classe solo exposto apresentou temperatura aparente de 33.6ºC, média próxima aos valores encontrados na classe área urbana. Para análise do meio urbano, seguiu-se a divisão em setores (Norte, Sul, Leste, Oeste e Centro) proposta pela prefeitura e em Regiões Operacionais, devido à grande heterogeneidade deste ambiente. O setor Norte apresentou a maior temperatura...
The electromagnetic radiation received by the different material composition presents on the land surface emits proportional radiation waves as its temperature. According to the Planck law how higher temperature of a given body, higher electromagnetic radiation will be emitted. Through its sensors satellites capture different length wave of the electromagnetic spectrum generating images to the study of different areas of remote sensing knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the different soil use and occupation in land surface temperature in the city of Botucatu/SP through images from the satellite Landsat 5 captured on 11/19/2010, path/row 220/076. For the images geoprocessing was used the program IDRISI ANDES version. The thermal algorithm was used to transform grey levels into Celsius degree. It was used the bands 3, 4 and 5 to the false color composition and visualization of the different soil uses. Between the classes verified the use water presents the lowest temperature, 20.9ºC, because of the high specific heat (1cal/gºC). The temperature of the class eucalyptus was 23.8ºC. The Native Forest class presents temperature between 25.5 – 23.65 ºC. Exposed soil presents 33.6ºC of land surface temperature, values closer to the urban area class. Urban environment analysis was divided into sectors (North, South, East, West and city center) and into operational regions because of your heterogeneity. The North sector presents the higher land surface temperature 32.7ºC, following by East sector with 32.1ºC and the city center 31.2ºC. The sectors with the lowest land surface temperature was West (28.6ºC) and South (29.8ºC). Remote sensing and geoprocessing are fundamental tools to the analysis of land surface temperature morphology without which it was not possible visualize this... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The electromagnetic radiation received by the different material composition presents on the land surface emits proportional radiation waves as its temperature. According to the Planck law how higher temperature of a given body, higher electromagnetic radiation will be emitted. Through its sensors satellites capture different length wave of the electromagnetic spectrum generating images to the study of different areas of remote sensing knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the different soil use and occupation in land surface temperature in the city of Botucatu/SP through images from the satellite Landsat 5 captured on 11/19/2010, path/row 220/076. For the images geoprocessing was used the program IDRISI ANDES version. The thermal algorithm was used to transform grey levels into Celsius degree. It was used the bands 3, 4 and 5 to the false color composition and visualization of the different soil uses. Between the classes verified the use water presents the lowest temperature, 20.9ºC, because of the high specific heat (1cal/gºC). The temperature of the class eucalyptus was 23.8ºC. The Native Forest class presents temperature between 25.5 – 23.65 ºC. Exposed soil presents 33.6ºC of land surface temperature, values closer to the urban area class. Urban environment analysis was divided into sectors (North, South, East, West and city center) and into operational regions because of your heterogeneity. The North sector presents the higher land surface temperature 32.7ºC, following by East sector with 32.1ºC and the city center 31.2ºC. The sectors with the lowest land surface temperature was West (28.6ºC) and South (29.8ºC). Remote sensing and geoprocessing are fundamental tools to the analysis of land surface temperature morphology without which it was not possible visualize this... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geoprocessamento, Ilha de calor urbana - Botucatu (SP), Sensoriamento remoto, Solos - Efeito da temperatura - Botucatu (SP), Soils, Effect of temperature on
Como citar
MASHIKI, Mônica Yuri. Geoprocessamento na identificação de ilhas de calor e influência do uso e ocupação do solo na temperatura aparente da superfície no município de Botucatu/SP. 2012. ix, 67 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.