Relação C/N e proporção de fontes nitrogenadas na produtividade de Agaricus blazei Murrill e poder calorífico do composto
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Data
2002-07
Autores
Kopytowski Filho, João [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudou-se os efeito da relação C/N inicial do composto e proporção de nitrogênio proveniente de fontes nitrogenadas no substrato, sobre o processo de compostagem, produtividade e poder calorífico no cultivo do cogumelo Agaricus blazei Murrill. Para tanto, foram instalados dois Experimentos com diferentes proporções de fontes nitrogenadas adicionadas a resíduos lignocelulósicos (bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, Saccharum officinarum e palha de capim braquiária, Brachiaria sp). O Experimento 1 constou de seis tratamentos dispostos ao acaso, segundo esquema fatorial 3 x 2, com 10 repetições (três relações C/N iniciais: 35/1, 31/1 e 27/1; dois períodos de condicionamento na Fase II: 15 e 23 dias. O Experimento 2, constou de 9 tratamentos dispostos em blocos ao acaso, segundo esquema fatorial 3 x 3, com 12 repetições (três relações C/N iniciais médias: 43/1, 37/1 e 33/1; três proporções de nitrogênio provenientes de farelo de soja e uréia: 4/1, 1,5/1 e 1/1,5). Para o Experimento 1, as variáveis analisadas foram: carbono, nitrogênio e relação C/N do composto; durante as fases de compostagem. Durante o período de colheita determinou-se o peso dos cogumelos frescos. Para o Experimento 2, as variáveis analisadas foram: carbono, nitrogênio, relação C/N, umidade do composto e poder calorífico durante as fases de compostagem e ao final do período de colheita. Durante o período de colheita determinou-se o número, peso fresco e médio dos cogumelos, produtividade (base úmida) e eficiência biológica (produtividade na base seca)... .
The aim of this research, were study the effects of the relationship of C/N ratio and proportions of nitrogen sources of the compost and composting process, calorific value and productivity in the culture of the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murrill. Two Experiments (1 and 2) were tried with different proportions of nitrogen sources (urea and soya bean meal) added to cellulose and hemicellulose residues (sugar cane bagasse, Saccharum officinarum, and ” capim braquiária” straw, Brachiaria sp). The Experiment 1 consisted of three treatments and adopted experimental delineating was randomized blocks, factorial scheme 3 X 2 x 10 (three initial C/N ratio; two periods of conditioning: 12 and 20 days; 10 repetitions). The Experiment 2 consisted of 9 arranged in randomized blocks, factorial scheme 3 x 3 x 12 (three initial C/N ratio: 43/1, 37/1 e 33/1; three proportions of nitrogen of soya bean meal and urea: 4/1, 1,5/1 and 1/1,5; 12 repetitions). The parameters analised were: humidity, fresh and dry matter compost, during Phase I, Phase II and spawn colonization. During the harvesting period, biological efficiency, productivity, number and fresh weight of mushroom, were determined. The results obtained in the two experiments, concluded that the composting period and compost for the production of A. blazei , is influenced by the relationship C/N ratio. For the same initial C/N ratio, the treatments with higher urea proportions in its formulation obtained lower productivities and smaller biological efficiency, besides distributed harvests. Regarding the number of mushrooms, it was verified that the longer crop period, decreases the quality of mushrooms (fresh matter ). The mushroom A. blazei has the versatility for development in composed relationships C/N 27 to 36. The calorific value is lower at the final of Phase II or the later composting process with reduced C/N ratio.
The aim of this research, were study the effects of the relationship of C/N ratio and proportions of nitrogen sources of the compost and composting process, calorific value and productivity in the culture of the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murrill. Two Experiments (1 and 2) were tried with different proportions of nitrogen sources (urea and soya bean meal) added to cellulose and hemicellulose residues (sugar cane bagasse, Saccharum officinarum, and ” capim braquiária” straw, Brachiaria sp). The Experiment 1 consisted of three treatments and adopted experimental delineating was randomized blocks, factorial scheme 3 X 2 x 10 (three initial C/N ratio; two periods of conditioning: 12 and 20 days; 10 repetitions). The Experiment 2 consisted of 9 arranged in randomized blocks, factorial scheme 3 x 3 x 12 (three initial C/N ratio: 43/1, 37/1 e 33/1; three proportions of nitrogen of soya bean meal and urea: 4/1, 1,5/1 and 1/1,5; 12 repetitions). The parameters analised were: humidity, fresh and dry matter compost, during Phase I, Phase II and spawn colonization. During the harvesting period, biological efficiency, productivity, number and fresh weight of mushroom, were determined. The results obtained in the two experiments, concluded that the composting period and compost for the production of A. blazei , is influenced by the relationship C/N ratio. For the same initial C/N ratio, the treatments with higher urea proportions in its formulation obtained lower productivities and smaller biological efficiency, besides distributed harvests. Regarding the number of mushrooms, it was verified that the longer crop period, decreases the quality of mushrooms (fresh matter ). The mushroom A. blazei has the versatility for development in composed relationships C/N 27 to 36. The calorific value is lower at the final of Phase II or the later composting process with reduced C/N ratio.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cogumelos, Compostos organicos, Biocombustíveis, Nitrogenio, Cogumelos medicinais, Agaricus blazei
Como citar
KOPYTOWSKI FILHO, João. Relação C/N e proporção de fontes nitrogenadas na produtividade de Agaricus blazei Murrill e poder calorífico do composto. 2002. ix, 101 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2002.