Estudo da viabilidade técnica e econômica para aproveitamento de cascas de eucalyptus gerados no processo de fabricação de painéis de madeira
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Data
2007-01-19
Autores
Sanchez Santiago, Francisco Luiz [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A crise de combustíveis derivados de petróleo a partir do ano de 1970 levou as empresas brasileiras a avaliar a viabilidade econômica de aproveitamento inteligente e racional de resíduos industriais como insumos energéticos, até então descartados em seus processos de fabricação. A segurança da economia brasileira impõe medidas de aproveitamento mais eficaz do combustível e exige providências para intensificar a utilização de outras fontes energéticas e abundantes, (Pêra 1990). Os custos da energia podem ser reduzidos pelo emprego de combustíveis mais econômicos e de produtos residuais Andritz (1997). Em industrias de produção de chapas de fibras de madeira, o Eucalyptus grandis é utilizado como fonte de matéria prima e também como combustível (biomassa) para geração de energia térmica em forma de vapor, água quente e ar quente. A possibilidade do aproveitamento da casca de Eucalyptus para a geração de energia nessa unidade industrial, foi que motivou a realização deste trabalho, que teve os seguintes objetivos: a) quantificar as cascas geradas nas etapas de movimentação de toras e preparação de cavacos de madeira; b) avaliar a viabilidade técnico-econômica para aproveitamento das cascas como combustível necessário à geração de energia térmica. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na empresa Duratex S.A., unidade fabril localizada no município de Botucatu no Estado de São Paulo, onde foram analisados os locais e as quantidades de geração de resíduos, cascas, bem como a verificação de seu poder calorífico e sua respectiva umidade. Foi analisada a necessidade energética da unidade fabril, sob o aspecto de energia térmica. Através dos índices de consumo da empresa foram determinadas as quantidades e os tipos de combustíveis utilizados na produção de calor e vapor...
The oil derivated fuel crisis, in the beginning of 1970, conduced the Brazilian companies to evaluate the economic viability of intelligent and rational utilization of industrial residues as energetic fuels, until then discarded in its manufature processes. According to Pera (1990), the security guard of the Brazilian economy imposes ways of more efficient use of fuel and demands steps to intensify the use of other abundant energy sources. Following Andritz (1997), the costs of the energy can be reduced by the use of more economic fuels and residual products. In Duratex S/A, industry located in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, the Eucalyptus grandis is mostly used as raw material source and also as fuel (biomass) for thermal energy generation in form of steam, hot water and hot air. The possibility to use Eucalyptus barks to generate energy at this industrial unit, is that motivated the accomplishment of this work, which contains the following objectives: a) to quantify the amount of barks generated at log handling and wood chips preparison steps; b) to evaluate the technical and economic viability to use barks as necessary fuel to generate thermal energy. The research was developed in Duratex S/A, a manufacturing unit located in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, where the places and the amounts of bark and residues generation had been analyzed, as well as the verification of its calorific power and its respective humidity. The energy needs of this manufacturing unit was analyzed under the thermal energyþs aspect. Through the indices of control of the company, the amounts and the types of fuels used to produce heat and steam demanded by the process had been determined. The main results show that the implantation of the proposed alternative to use forest residues to produce steam, represents an investment of R$ 850.500,00 (US$ 386.590,00). The main conclusion of this... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The oil derivated fuel crisis, in the beginning of 1970, conduced the Brazilian companies to evaluate the economic viability of intelligent and rational utilization of industrial residues as energetic fuels, until then discarded in its manufature processes. According to Pera (1990), the security guard of the Brazilian economy imposes ways of more efficient use of fuel and demands steps to intensify the use of other abundant energy sources. Following Andritz (1997), the costs of the energy can be reduced by the use of more economic fuels and residual products. In Duratex S/A, industry located in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, the Eucalyptus grandis is mostly used as raw material source and also as fuel (biomass) for thermal energy generation in form of steam, hot water and hot air. The possibility to use Eucalyptus barks to generate energy at this industrial unit, is that motivated the accomplishment of this work, which contains the following objectives: a) to quantify the amount of barks generated at log handling and wood chips preparison steps; b) to evaluate the technical and economic viability to use barks as necessary fuel to generate thermal energy. The research was developed in Duratex S/A, a manufacturing unit located in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, where the places and the amounts of bark and residues generation had been analyzed, as well as the verification of its calorific power and its respective humidity. The energy needs of this manufacturing unit was analyzed under the thermal energyþs aspect. Through the indices of control of the company, the amounts and the types of fuels used to produce heat and steam demanded by the process had been determined. The main results show that the implantation of the proposed alternative to use forest residues to produce steam, represents an investment of R$ 850.500,00 (US$ 386.590,00). The main conclusion of this... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Energia - Fontes alternativas, Residuos vegetais - Exploração, Eucalipto, Renewable energy sources, Logging residue
Como citar
SANCHEZ SANTIAGO, Francisco Luiz. Estudo da viabilidade técnica e econômica para aproveitamento de cascas de eucalyptus gerados no processo de fabricação de painéis de madeira. 2007. ix, 89 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2007.