Utilização do pó de pedra basáltica em substituição à areia natural do concreto
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Data
2004-03-05
Autores
Menossi, Rômulo Tadeu [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho faz um estudo da substituição da areia natural existente no concreto por um material alternativo: o pó de pedra. O pó de pedra é o rejeito da exploração de pedreiras e seu diâmetro máximo é inferior a 4,8 mm. Em função de sua curva granulométrica, pode-se caracterizá-lo como sendo uma areia média. Atualmente, o pó de pedra não possui valor comercial de mercado, sendo considerado um “material marginal”, que não possui uma destinação definida, permanecendo estocado nos pátios das pedreiras, formando enormes pilhas que provocam vários impactos ambientais. A primeira etapa do trabalho consistiu em caracterizar os materiais que compuseram o concreto estudado. Após essa fase, foram confeccionados corpos-de-prova de concreto, utilizando-se cinco traços diferentes, de modo que a areia natural foi gradualmente substituída pelo pó de pedra, nas proporções de 25%, 50%, 75%, e 100%. Para cada traço, foram quantificados o seu abatimento e a resistência à compressão axial. Para caracterizar o pó de pedra, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios: granulometria, materiais pulverulentos, perda ao fogo, difração por raios X, massa específica, reatividade potencial álcali-agregado e pozolanicidade da fração fina passante na peneira #200. Como método de dosagem, foi utilizado o método do IPT/EPUSP. Por meio deste método, determinou-se um teor ideal de argamassa, que serviu de base para a elaboração de traços ricos (1:3,2) e de traços mais pobres (1:8,5), que, por sua vez, auxiliaram na construção dos diagramas de dosagem para cada uma das diferentes faixas de resistência do concreto. Considera-se que o objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi plenamente alcançado, uma vez que foi comprovada a viabilidade da completa substituição da areia pelo pó de pedra, em concretos com finalidade estrutural.
The present work makes a study of the substitution of the existent natural sand in the concrete for an alternative material: the stone powder. The stone powder is a reject of the exploration of quarries and its maximum diameter is less than 4,8 mm. In function of the granulometric curve, it can be characterized as it being a medium sand. Nowadays, the stone powder doesn't possess commercial value of market, being considered a marginal material, that it doesn't possess a defined destination, and that it stays stocked at the patios of the quarries, forming enormous piles that can cause several environmental impacts. The first stage of the work consisted of characterizing the materials that compose the concrete to be studied. After that phase, five different mixtures were used, so that the natural sand was substituted gradually by the stone powder, in the proportions of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. For each mixture, the slump was measured and so the concrete axial compression resistance, by 100 mm x 200 mm cylinders. To characterize the stone powder, the following tests were accomplished: granulometric curve, powdery materials, loss to the fire, diffraction for X-rays, specific mass, reactivity potential alkali-attaché and pozolanicity of the fraction that pass in the sieve #200. It was used, as dosage method, the IPT/EPUSP method. Through this method, it can be determined an ideal tenor of mortar, that it served as base for the elaboration of rich mixtures (1:3,2) and of poorer mixtures (1:8,5), that aided in the construction of the dosage diagrams for each the different levels of resistance of the concrete. The main objective of this research was fully reached, once it was proven the viability of the complete substitution of the sand for the stone powder, in concretes with structural purpose.
The present work makes a study of the substitution of the existent natural sand in the concrete for an alternative material: the stone powder. The stone powder is a reject of the exploration of quarries and its maximum diameter is less than 4,8 mm. In function of the granulometric curve, it can be characterized as it being a medium sand. Nowadays, the stone powder doesn't possess commercial value of market, being considered a marginal material, that it doesn't possess a defined destination, and that it stays stocked at the patios of the quarries, forming enormous piles that can cause several environmental impacts. The first stage of the work consisted of characterizing the materials that compose the concrete to be studied. After that phase, five different mixtures were used, so that the natural sand was substituted gradually by the stone powder, in the proportions of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. For each mixture, the slump was measured and so the concrete axial compression resistance, by 100 mm x 200 mm cylinders. To characterize the stone powder, the following tests were accomplished: granulometric curve, powdery materials, loss to the fire, diffraction for X-rays, specific mass, reactivity potential alkali-attaché and pozolanicity of the fraction that pass in the sieve #200. It was used, as dosage method, the IPT/EPUSP method. Through this method, it can be determined an ideal tenor of mortar, that it served as base for the elaboration of rich mixtures (1:3,2) and of poorer mixtures (1:8,5), that aided in the construction of the dosage diagrams for each the different levels of resistance of the concrete. The main objective of this research was fully reached, once it was proven the viability of the complete substitution of the sand for the stone powder, in concretes with structural purpose.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Concreto, Construção civil, Materiais de construção
Como citar
MENOSSI, Rômulo Tadeu. Utilização do pó de pedra basáltica em substituição à areia natural do concreto. 2004. vi, 97 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2004.