Estudo da influência da proporção de um mix leite/polpa de maracujá na produção de pó obtido por três diferentes métodos de secagem
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Data
2010-03-12
Autores
Catelam, Kelly Tafari [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este projeto teve como objetivo estudar a influência de diferentes processos de desidratação (secagem em leito pulso-fluidizado, atomizador – “spray dryer” e em liofilizador) de polpa de maracujá na qualidade do produto final em pó. Todos estes processos visam à obtenção do produto em pó, apresentando vantagens e desvantagens em nível de manuseio e custos. Entretanto, são escassos na literatura estudos que comparem estes processos com foco na qualidade do produto final. O leite desnatado foi utilizado para avaliar sua eficiência na substituição de parte dos aditivos comumente utilizados na produção deste tipo de produto, como, por exemplo, a maltodextrina e a goma Arábica, os quais têm como função a diminuição das dificuldades tecnológicas encontradas na secagem de sucos de frutas e outros produtos com alta quantidade de açúcar devido à higroscopicidade, termoplasticidade e capacidade de caramelização. Inicialmente, realizaram-se as análises físico-químicas da polpa de maracujá e do leite desnatado, onde foram obtidos resultados muito próximos aos da literatura, sendo que as pequenas diferenças obtidas foram atribuídas à variedade do maracujá utilizado, época e local de cultivo e no caso do leite em pó desnatado, devido provavelmente às diferentes marcas comerciais analisadas na literatura. A secagem da polpa de maracujá sem aditivos, em diversas condições operacionais, levou a um rendimento praticamente nulo, fazendo com que o processo fosse considerado inviável nestas condições. Conseguiu-se obter o pó com a polpa de maracujá e os aditivos no secador por atomização (“spray dryer”). Utilizando a maltodextrina como aditivo, o maior rendimento (23.32%) obtido foi para a proporção de 1:4:4 (polpa de maracujá:maltodextrina:leite desnatado) ou seja, 50% dos sólidos de aditivo substituído por leite desnatado...
The aim of this research was to study the influence of different drying methods (pulsed fluid bed dryer, spray dryer and freeze dryer) of passion fruit pulp in the quality of final powder product. All these processes have the purpose to obtain a powder product, showing advantages and disadvantages in terms of handmade and costs. Nonetheless, the literature has a few studies related to comparison between these processes, focusing final product quality. Skim milk was utilized to evaluate its efficiency on partial substitution of additives commonly used in this kind of processes like maltodextrin and Arabic gum, which have the function of minimizing technologies difficulties in drying fruit juices and other products with high quantity of sugar due to hygroscopicity and termoplasticity in high temperatures and humidity. Initially, physicochemical analysis of passion fruit pulp and skim milk showed values close to those described by literature, with little differences due to passion fruit varieties used, time and place of culture. For skim milk the differences can be explain due to existence of a lot of commercial marks. Drying of passion fruit pulp without additives in many operations conditions had a small yield, becoming process impracticable in these conditions. It was obtained powdered passion fruit and additives in spray dryer. Using maltodextrin the greater yield (23.32%) was obtained for 1:4:4 ratio (passion fruit pulp:maltodextrin:skim milk) that is 50% of solids from additives substituted by skim milk. To Arabic gum the best results (21.96%) was obtained to 1:2:6 (passion fruit pulp:Arabic gum:skim milk) with 75% of solids from additives substituted by skim milk. The total substitution of additives (maltodextrin or Arabic gum) by skim milk also showed good results (15.5%). These better yield were obtained in 120°C and feed flow 0.4 l/h considering ratio of pulp... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The aim of this research was to study the influence of different drying methods (pulsed fluid bed dryer, spray dryer and freeze dryer) of passion fruit pulp in the quality of final powder product. All these processes have the purpose to obtain a powder product, showing advantages and disadvantages in terms of handmade and costs. Nonetheless, the literature has a few studies related to comparison between these processes, focusing final product quality. Skim milk was utilized to evaluate its efficiency on partial substitution of additives commonly used in this kind of processes like maltodextrin and Arabic gum, which have the function of minimizing technologies difficulties in drying fruit juices and other products with high quantity of sugar due to hygroscopicity and termoplasticity in high temperatures and humidity. Initially, physicochemical analysis of passion fruit pulp and skim milk showed values close to those described by literature, with little differences due to passion fruit varieties used, time and place of culture. For skim milk the differences can be explain due to existence of a lot of commercial marks. Drying of passion fruit pulp without additives in many operations conditions had a small yield, becoming process impracticable in these conditions. It was obtained powdered passion fruit and additives in spray dryer. Using maltodextrin the greater yield (23.32%) was obtained for 1:4:4 ratio (passion fruit pulp:maltodextrin:skim milk) that is 50% of solids from additives substituted by skim milk. To Arabic gum the best results (21.96%) was obtained to 1:2:6 (passion fruit pulp:Arabic gum:skim milk) with 75% of solids from additives substituted by skim milk. The total substitution of additives (maltodextrin or Arabic gum) by skim milk also showed good results (15.5%). These better yield were obtained in 120°C and feed flow 0.4 l/h considering ratio of pulp... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tecnologia de alimentos, Polpa de frutas - Secagem, Maracujá - Desidratação, Secagem em spray, Polpa de maracujá - Desidratação, Liofilizador, Secador de leito pulso-fluidizado, Drying, Passion fruit pulp, Additives, Skim milk, Spray dryer, Freeze dryer, Pulsed fluid bed dryer
Como citar
CATELAM, Kelly Tafari. Estudo da influência da proporção de um mix leite/polpa de maracujá na produção de pó obtido por três diferentes métodos de secagem. 2010. 119 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2010.