Farmacocinética pré-clínica do hidroximetilnitrofural (NFOH) – potencial pró-fármaco antichagásico
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Data
2013-02-18
Autores
Nogueira Filho, Marco Antonio Ferraz [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O pró-fármaco hidroximetilnitrofural (NFOH) apresenta atividade antichagásica com grande diminuição da toxicidade e maior atividade contra formas amastigotas do T. cruzi quando comparadas ao seu fármaco matriz nitrofural (NF). Essas vantagens tornam o pró-fármaco uma possível alternativa terapêutica tanto para o tratamento da fase aguda, quanto da fase crônica da doença de Chagas. Nesse trabalho foi investigado o perfil farmacocinético do NFOH em modelo animal não roedor, estudo necessário para a continuidade do desenvolvimento do pró-fármaco. O NF foi administrado por via intravenosa e oral nas doses de 6,35 e 63,5 mg/kg, respectivamente, e o NFOH 8,05 e 80,5 mg/kg respectivamente; em coelhos albinos (n=20). Após a administração foram realizadas coletas seriadas de sangue dos animais por punção venosa. As amostras foram processadas e analisadas por método bioanalítico validado, utilizando-se um sistema MS. O sistema operou em modos positivo e negativo para as leituras dos compostos - NF e NFOH- e do padrão interno (diclofenaco 5ug/mL em metanol), sob eluição de fase móvel composta por água:metanol (50:50). As médias dos parâmetros farmacocinéticos foram calculadas pelas curvas de concentração plasmática versus tempo e comparadas pelo teste de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05). O NF apresentou biodisponibilidade oral de 114,97% no modelo animal e na administração oral este composto apresentou meia-vida de eliminação de 276,09 minutos, estatisticamente diferente da meia vida apresentada na administração intravenosa (17,32 minutos). A administração do NFOH permitiu o cálculo dos parâmetros farmacocinéticos tanto do pró-fármaco quanto do NF liberado pelo mesmo. O perfil farmacocinético do NF administrado comparado ao do NF obtido do pró-fármaco não foi estatisticamente diferente. A biodisponibilidade oral relativa do NF a partir do pró-fármaco administrado foi de 60,1%
The prodrug hydroximethylnitrofurzone (NFOH) presents antichagasic activity with greatly reduced toxicity compared to its drug matrix nitrofurazone (NF). Besides these new characteristics, the prodrug was more active against the parasite T. cruzi amastigotes. These advantages make the prodrug a possible therapeutic alternative for the treatment of both acute and the chronic phase of Chagas disease. Male albino rabbits (n=20) were divided into four groups and subjected to single administration of NF and NFOH. NF was administered intravenously and orally in doses of 6.35 and 63.5 mg / kg respectively, and NFOH, in doses 8.05 and 80.5 mg / kg respectively. After administration, serial blood samples were collected by venipuncture. The samples were processed and the final product was analyzed by MS. The system operated in positive and negative modes for the determination of compounds and internal standard, under elution of the mobile phase 50:50 water: methanol. The NF presented an oral bioavailability of 114.97% in the albino rabbits and oral administration showed half-life of 276.09 minutes due to the absorption process against 17.32 obtained in the intravenous administration. The administration of NFOH allowed the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters of the prodrug, and the NF obtained from NFOH administration. Comparing the behavior of NF administered orally and obtained from the prodrug was not evidenced significant changes in the pharmacokinetic profiles. The relative oral bioavailability of NF obtained from the NFOH was 60,1%.
The prodrug hydroximethylnitrofurzone (NFOH) presents antichagasic activity with greatly reduced toxicity compared to its drug matrix nitrofurazone (NF). Besides these new characteristics, the prodrug was more active against the parasite T. cruzi amastigotes. These advantages make the prodrug a possible therapeutic alternative for the treatment of both acute and the chronic phase of Chagas disease. Male albino rabbits (n=20) were divided into four groups and subjected to single administration of NF and NFOH. NF was administered intravenously and orally in doses of 6.35 and 63.5 mg / kg respectively, and NFOH, in doses 8.05 and 80.5 mg / kg respectively. After administration, serial blood samples were collected by venipuncture. The samples were processed and the final product was analyzed by MS. The system operated in positive and negative modes for the determination of compounds and internal standard, under elution of the mobile phase 50:50 water: methanol. The NF presented an oral bioavailability of 114.97% in the albino rabbits and oral administration showed half-life of 276.09 minutes due to the absorption process against 17.32 obtained in the intravenous administration. The administration of NFOH allowed the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters of the prodrug, and the NF obtained from NFOH administration. Comparing the behavior of NF administered orally and obtained from the prodrug was not evidenced significant changes in the pharmacokinetic profiles. The relative oral bioavailability of NF obtained from the NFOH was 60,1%.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Chagas, Doença de, Farmacocinetica, Fármacos, Nitrofuranos, Trypanosoma cruzi, Chagas disease
Como citar
NOGUEIRA FILHO, Marco Antonio Ferraz. Farmacocinética pré-clínica do hidroximetilnitrofural (NFOH) – potencial pró-fármaco antichagásico. 2013. 76 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2013.