Desenvolvimento de compósitos PEUAPM / apatitas para substituição e regeração óssea
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Data
2012-01-31
Autores
Souza, Diego Clemente de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As propriedades do polietileno de ultra alto peso molecular (PEUAPM), tais como módulo de elasticidade semelhante ao osso e baixo coeficiente de fricção, tornam este polímero muito utilizado como biomaterial para a substituição óssea, contudo, por se tratar de um material bioinerte, sua fixação ao tecido ósseo somente é possível pela utilização de componentes metálicos e cimentos ósseos à base de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA), os quais são relacionados a efeitos biológicos severos. As biocerâmicas de fosfatos de cálcio, denominadas apatitas, são materiais que apresentam bioatividade satisfatória, ligando-se quimicamente aos tecidos vivos e dependendo de suas fases, apresentam propriedades biológicas diferenciadas, pois suas velocidades de degradação não são iguais. O compósito obtido pela combinação satisfatória do PEUAPM com diferentes fases de apatitas deve proporcionar a obtenção de um biomaterial adequado para a regeneração e reposição do tecido ósseo com atividades biológicas diferenciadas. Neste trabalho, compósitos de PEUAPM com diferentes fases de apatita de importância biológica foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de obter um biomaterial adequado para a reposição e regeneração óssea com a combinação das propriedades mecânicas do polímero com a bioatividade satisfatória das apatitas. Foram obtidas as seguintes fases de apatitas: fosfato de cálcio amorfo (ACP), hidroxiapatita (HA), fosfato tricálcico (TCP) e fosfato octacálcico (OCP) por via úmida. A caracterização das biocerâmicas de fosfatos de cálcio foi realizada utilizando-se as técnicas de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura - MEV, Difratometria de Raios X - DRX e Espectroscopia no Infravermelho - IV. Biocompósitos de PEUAPM com 20, 30 e 40 % em massa das diferentes fases de apatita (ACP, HA / -TCP e OCP) foram obtidos pela...
The properties of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), as modulus of elasticity similar to bone and low coefficient of friction, make this polymer widely used as biomaterial for bone replacement, however, because it is a bio-inert material, its attachment to bone tissue is only possible by the use of metal components and bone cements based on polymethylmethacrylate, which are related to severe biological effects. The bio-ceramics of calcium phosphate, called apatite, are materials that have satisfactory bioactivity by binding chemically to living tissue and depending on their stages have different biological properties, because their speed of degradation are not equal. The association of UHMWPE with different stages of apatite provide to obtain a suitable biomaterial for the regeneration and replacement of bone tissue with different biological activities. In this study, composites of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) with different apatite phases of biological importance were developed, aiming to obtain a suitable biomaterial for bone replacement and regeneration, with the combination of mechanical properties of the polymer with satisfactory bioactivity of apatite. Were obtained the following apatite phases: amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) by a wet process. The characterization of the bio-ceramics of calcium phosphate was performed using the techniques of Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM, X-Ray Diffractometry - XRD and Infrared Spectroscopy - FTIR. Biocomposites of UHMWPE with 20, 30 and 40% by weight of the different phases of apatite (ACP, HA / -TCP and OCP) were obtained by direct mixing of powders in a mortar, followed by the milling process. The method chosen to obtain the biocomposites... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The properties of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), as modulus of elasticity similar to bone and low coefficient of friction, make this polymer widely used as biomaterial for bone replacement, however, because it is a bio-inert material, its attachment to bone tissue is only possible by the use of metal components and bone cements based on polymethylmethacrylate, which are related to severe biological effects. The bio-ceramics of calcium phosphate, called apatite, are materials that have satisfactory bioactivity by binding chemically to living tissue and depending on their stages have different biological properties, because their speed of degradation are not equal. The association of UHMWPE with different stages of apatite provide to obtain a suitable biomaterial for the regeneration and replacement of bone tissue with different biological activities. In this study, composites of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) with different apatite phases of biological importance were developed, aiming to obtain a suitable biomaterial for bone replacement and regeneration, with the combination of mechanical properties of the polymer with satisfactory bioactivity of apatite. Were obtained the following apatite phases: amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) by a wet process. The characterization of the bio-ceramics of calcium phosphate was performed using the techniques of Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM, X-Ray Diffractometry - XRD and Infrared Spectroscopy - FTIR. Biocomposites of UHMWPE with 20, 30 and 40% by weight of the different phases of apatite (ACP, HA / -TCP and OCP) were obtained by direct mixing of powders in a mortar, followed by the milling process. The method chosen to obtain the biocomposites... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Físico-química, Materiais biomédicos, Physical chemistry, Biomedical materials
Como citar
SOUZA, Diego Clemente de. Desenvolvimento de compósitos PEUAPM / apatitas para substituição e regeração óssea. 2012. 106 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2012.