Dinâmica e estrututra populacional de Anopheles darlingi em um assentamento rural na floresta amazônica, Acre, Brasil
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Data
2010-03-04
Autores
Moutinho, Paulo Rufalco [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os mosquitos do gênero Anopheles incluem espécies de grande importância epidemiológica, pois representam os principais vetores da malária. Estudar o papel destas espécies na transmissão, a interação com o humanos e as diferentes regiões que eles infestam estão entre os principais objetivos da entomologia médica. Sua infestação esta ligada a regiões tropicais e o gênero está presente de forma cosmopolita, predominantemente nos países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, o Anopheles darlingi é o principal vetor da doença e é encontrado na região norte, área onde são notificados 99,5% de casos da doença. O presente estudo consistiu em capturas de mosquitos do gênero Anopheles ao longo de oito meses, em dois diferentes sítios do Ramal do Granada, localizado no município de Acrelândia, Acre. O Ramal do Granada, estrada que corta o bioma amazônico e com extensão de 30 km a partir do ponto 0 (BR 364), possui diferentes formas de assentamento conforme a área analisada. A tendência é: quanto mais afastado do ponto 0, menor é o número de famílias residentes e menor a proporção de desmatamento. Cada coleta foi composta por três dias, dois para capturas de três horas, no intra, peri e extra-domicílio, e um para capturas de 12 horas, no intra e peri-domicílio. As coletas foram realizadas em intervalos de dois meses, acompanhando a sazonalidade das chuvas, fator ambiental estritamente ligado com a presença do anofelino. Foi verificada a densidade, a distribuição, atividade hematofágica de mosquitos Anopheles darlingi, além de sua filogeografia, através do sequenciamento de parte do gene ND4. A comparação entre os dois sítios quanto a quantidade e variabilidade, e o com menor grau de desflorestamento e número de residências se mostrou com maior quantidade de mosquitos. As coletas de doze horas mostraram que o pico do An. darlingi se dá entre 19:00 e 22:00...
Anopheles spp. include species of major epidemiological importance, because of their role as the main malaria vectors. Studying mosquito variability, their behavior and the various regions they infest are the main objectives of medical entomology. In Brasil, An. darlingi, the main vector of disease, is found predominantly in northern area, where are reported 99,5% of malaria. This study consists in monitoring mosquito variability during eight months, in two different regions of a rural settlement, the “Ramal do Granada” located in Acrelândia, Acre. The “Ramal do Granada”, a road in the Amazon biome, whose extension is 30 km from point 0 (BR 364), has different ways of population settlement, varying accordingly to the observed kilometer. The tendency is: the farther from point 0, the lower is the number of residents and the level of deforestation. The collections are performed during three days, two days for three-hour captures and one day for a twelve-hour capture. Mosquitoes were collected by human landing inside and outside the houses. Each collection is made between intervals of two months, following the seasonal variation of rainfall, environmental factor closely connected to the presence of the Anopheles. Populational variations and density has been analyzed, together with molecular analysis of Anopheles darlingi by part of ND4 gene sequencing. The data presented shows differences inside the settlement: number of collected mosquitoes was greater in all collections nearby the settlement limits, representing newer settlements. The twelve-hour captures have shown the presence of only one density peak occuring between 7:00PM to 10:00 PM in months of low density, and verified the existence of peaks in the remaing hours of the night, in collections of high density. Molecular analysis using sequencing of the mitochondrial ND4 gene showed no variation between the An. darlingi ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Anopheles spp. include species of major epidemiological importance, because of their role as the main malaria vectors. Studying mosquito variability, their behavior and the various regions they infest are the main objectives of medical entomology. In Brasil, An. darlingi, the main vector of disease, is found predominantly in northern area, where are reported 99,5% of malaria. This study consists in monitoring mosquito variability during eight months, in two different regions of a rural settlement, the “Ramal do Granada” located in Acrelândia, Acre. The “Ramal do Granada”, a road in the Amazon biome, whose extension is 30 km from point 0 (BR 364), has different ways of population settlement, varying accordingly to the observed kilometer. The tendency is: the farther from point 0, the lower is the number of residents and the level of deforestation. The collections are performed during three days, two days for three-hour captures and one day for a twelve-hour capture. Mosquitoes were collected by human landing inside and outside the houses. Each collection is made between intervals of two months, following the seasonal variation of rainfall, environmental factor closely connected to the presence of the Anopheles. Populational variations and density has been analyzed, together with molecular analysis of Anopheles darlingi by part of ND4 gene sequencing. The data presented shows differences inside the settlement: number of collected mosquitoes was greater in all collections nearby the settlement limits, representing newer settlements. The twelve-hour captures have shown the presence of only one density peak occuring between 7:00PM to 10:00 PM in months of low density, and verified the existence of peaks in the remaing hours of the night, in collections of high density. Molecular analysis using sequencing of the mitochondrial ND4 gene showed no variation between the An. darlingi ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Inseto, Dinâmica populacional
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MOUTINHO, Paulo Rufalco. Dinâmica e estrututra populacional de Anopheles darlingi em um assentamento rural na floresta amazônica, Acre, Brasil. 2010. 66 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2010.