Desequilíbrio de ligação e associação entre polimorfismos de base única com maciez da carne e espessura de gordura em bovinos Nelore utilizando painéis de alta densidade
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Data
2013-02-27
Autores
Espigolan, Rafael [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A carne produzida no Brasil a partir de raças zebuínas possui características organolépticas que não são bem aceitas nos mercados mais exigentes. As características de carcaça e da carne, como a maciez e a espessura de gordura subcutânea podem garantir qualidade e uniformidade na produção de carne bovina, porém o melhoramento genético para essas características não tem sido praticado. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar o desequilíbrio de ligação entre os polimorfismos de base única (SNPs), e estudar a associação destes com a maciez da carne e espessura de gordura subcutânea no genoma de bovinos da raça Nelore utilizando um painel de SNPs de alta densidade. Foram utilizados 795 machos da raça Nelore nascidos em 2008 e 2009 e pertencentes a três programas de melhoramento genético. Um total de 117 grupos de contemporâneos foi formado, constituídos por ano de nascimento, fazenda, grupos de manejo ao nascimento, grupos de manejo à desmama e ao sobreano. Os animais foram genotipados utilizando o Illumina High-Density Bovine BeadChip com 777.962 marcadores SNPs. O DNA genômico foi extraído utilizando amostras de cinco gramas de tecido muscular retirados do Longissimus dorsi de cada animal. Foram excluídos SNPs que apresentaram MAF (alelo de menor frequência) inferior a 0,05 e Call Rate menor que 0,93, totalizando 446.986 SNPs. Os fenótipos para maciez da carne foram obtidos utilizando um equipamento de análise de textura equipado com uma sonda Warner Bratzler em amostras de 2,54 cm retiradas entre a 12ª e 13ª costelas da meiacarcaça esquerda. Na mesma amostra foi mensurada a espessura de gordura subcutânea com paquímetro, medindo a camada de gordura localizada a um ângulo de 45º a partir do centro geométrico. As análises de associação foram realizadas considerando apenas um marcador por vez...
The meat produced in Brazil from Zebu breeds has organoleptic characteristics that are not well accepted in the most demanding markets. Carcass and meat traits, like tenderness and fat thickness, can ensure quality and uniformity in beef production, but genetic improvement for these traits has not been practiced. The objective of this study was analyze the linkage disequilibrium between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and to study their association with the tenderness of meat and fat thickness in the genome of Nellore cattle using a panel of highdensity SNPs. Data from 795 Nellore cattle born in 2008 and 2009 and belonging to three breeding programs were used. A total of 117 contemporary groups were formed, constituted of year of birth, farm, management groups at birth, management groups at weaning and yearling. The animals were genotyped using Illumina High- Density Bovine BeadChip with 777,962 SNP markers. Genomic DNA was extracted with samples from five grams of tissue taken from the Longissimus dorsi muscle of each animal. SNPs that had MAF less than 0.05 and Call Rate less than 0.93 were excluded, totaling 446,986 SNPs. The phenotypes for meat tenderness were obtained using a texture analysis equipment equipped with a Warner Bratzler probe in samples of 2.54 cm taken between the 12th and 13th ribs of the left half carcass. On the same sample, it was measured the thickness of subcutaneous fat with caliper rule, measuring the fat located at an angle of 45° from the geometric center. The association analysis was performed considering only one marker at a time. The fixed effects in the model were SNP marker, contemporary group, date of slaughter and slaughter age as covariate. To estimate the effect of each SNP over the traits, the SNP marker was included as a covariate (linear effect). The average linkage disequilibrium (r²)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The meat produced in Brazil from Zebu breeds has organoleptic characteristics that are not well accepted in the most demanding markets. Carcass and meat traits, like tenderness and fat thickness, can ensure quality and uniformity in beef production, but genetic improvement for these traits has not been practiced. The objective of this study was analyze the linkage disequilibrium between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and to study their association with the tenderness of meat and fat thickness in the genome of Nellore cattle using a panel of highdensity SNPs. Data from 795 Nellore cattle born in 2008 and 2009 and belonging to three breeding programs were used. A total of 117 contemporary groups were formed, constituted of year of birth, farm, management groups at birth, management groups at weaning and yearling. The animals were genotyped using Illumina High- Density Bovine BeadChip with 777,962 SNP markers. Genomic DNA was extracted with samples from five grams of tissue taken from the Longissimus dorsi muscle of each animal. SNPs that had MAF less than 0.05 and Call Rate less than 0.93 were excluded, totaling 446,986 SNPs. The phenotypes for meat tenderness were obtained using a texture analysis equipment equipped with a Warner Bratzler probe in samples of 2.54 cm taken between the 12th and 13th ribs of the left half carcass. On the same sample, it was measured the thickness of subcutaneous fat with caliper rule, measuring the fat located at an angle of 45° from the geometric center. The association analysis was performed considering only one marker at a time. The fixed effects in the model were SNP marker, contemporary group, date of slaughter and slaughter age as covariate. To estimate the effect of each SNP over the traits, the SNP marker was included as a covariate (linear effect). The average linkage disequilibrium (r²)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino de corte, Nelore (Zebu), Bovino - Carcaças, Genômica, Polimorfismo (Genetica), Carne bovina, Carcasses
Como citar
ESPIGOLAN, Rafael. Desequilíbrio de ligação e associação entre polimorfismos de base única com maciez da carne e espessura de gordura em bovinos Nelore utilizando painéis de alta densidade. 2013. v, 47 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2013.