Parâmetros genéticos para características de crescimento, reprodutivas e de carcaça em bovinos Canchim
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2013-09-04
Autores
Pires, Bruno Carlos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em razão da necessidade de produzir carne com qualidade, características de carcaça como a área de olho de lombo e a espessura de gordura subcutânea têm sido utilizadas como critérios de seleção de bovinos de corte. Ainda são poucos os estudos sobre essas características e suas associações com as características reprodutivas e de crescimento. O objetivo neste estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos para pesos ao nascer (PN), ao desmame (PD) e ao sobreano (PS), perímetros escrotais ao desmame (CED) e ao sobreano (CES), idade ao primeiro parto (IPP), área de olho de lombo (AOL) e espessura de gordura subcutânea (EG), em bovinos Canchim. Foram utilizadas 14.513 observações de animais da raça Canchim (5/8 Charolês + 3/8 Zebu) e do grupo genético MA (progênie de touro Charolês e vaca ½ Canchim + ½ Zebu) nascidos entre os anos de 1992 e 2012. As análises uni e bicaracterísticas foram realizadas utilizando inferência Bayesiana sob modelo animal que considerou como efeitos fixos o grupo de contemporâneos (sexo, fazenda, regime alimentar, grupo genético, estação e ano nascimento) e as covariáveis classe de idade da vaca ao parto e idade do animal na data da mensuração e como aleatórios, os efeitos genético aditivo direto e residual, sendo que para PN, PD e CED foi considerado, também, o efeito genético aditivo materno. As médias das estimativas de herdabilidade, obtidas pelas análises uni e bicaracterísticas, foram de 0,28; 0,30; 0,28; 0,33; 0,43; 0,15; 0,37 e 0,22 para PN, PD, PS, CED, CES, IPP, AOL e EG, respectivamente. As estimativas de herdabilidade sugerem que as características de crescimento e de carcaça, CED e CES devem responder a seleção direta. Correlações genéticas medianas e negativas sugerem que ganhos genéticos para redução de IPP podem ser obtidos ao selecionar animais para PS, CES e EG. Progressos genéticos podem ser alcançados nas...
Due to the demand for high quality meat, carcass traits such as loin eye area and backfat thickness have been used as criteria for beef cattle selection. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies on these traits and on their association with the reproductive and growth traits commonly used in animal breeding program. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for birth (PN), weaning (PD) and long-yearling (PS) weights, scrotal circumference at weaning (CED) and long-yearling (CES), age at first calving (IPP), loin eye area (AOL) and backfat thickness (EG) in Canchim cattle. Data on 14,513 observations of Canchim (5/8 Charolais + 3/8 Zebu) and MA (offspring of Charolais bulls and ½ Canchim + ½ Zebu cows) animals, born between 1992 and 2012 were used. The analyses were carried out using Bayesian inference under an animal model that included the fixed effects of contemporary group (sex, farm, feeding regime, genetic group, season and year of birth) and covariates cow age class at calving and animal age at the measurement, besides the random, additive direct genetic and residual effects. For PN, PD and CED the maternal addictive effect was also considered in the model. The means of the heritability estimates obtained in one and two-trait analyses were 0.28, 0.30, 0.28, 0.33, 0.43, 0.15, 0.37 and 0.22 for PN, PD, PS, CED, CES, IPP, AOL and EG, respectively. The heritability estimates suggest that growth traits, carcass traits, and scrotal circumference at weaning and long-yearling should respond to direct selection. Moderate and negative genetic correlations suggest that reduction in IPP can be obtained by selecting animals for PS, CES and EG. Genetic progress can be achieved on carcass traits without causing losses to the reproductive and growth traits
Due to the demand for high quality meat, carcass traits such as loin eye area and backfat thickness have been used as criteria for beef cattle selection. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies on these traits and on their association with the reproductive and growth traits commonly used in animal breeding program. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for birth (PN), weaning (PD) and long-yearling (PS) weights, scrotal circumference at weaning (CED) and long-yearling (CES), age at first calving (IPP), loin eye area (AOL) and backfat thickness (EG) in Canchim cattle. Data on 14,513 observations of Canchim (5/8 Charolais + 3/8 Zebu) and MA (offspring of Charolais bulls and ½ Canchim + ½ Zebu cows) animals, born between 1992 and 2012 were used. The analyses were carried out using Bayesian inference under an animal model that included the fixed effects of contemporary group (sex, farm, feeding regime, genetic group, season and year of birth) and covariates cow age class at calving and animal age at the measurement, besides the random, additive direct genetic and residual effects. For PN, PD and CED the maternal addictive effect was also considered in the model. The means of the heritability estimates obtained in one and two-trait analyses were 0.28, 0.30, 0.28, 0.33, 0.43, 0.15, 0.37 and 0.22 for PN, PD, PS, CED, CES, IPP, AOL and EG, respectively. The heritability estimates suggest that growth traits, carcass traits, and scrotal circumference at weaning and long-yearling should respond to direct selection. Moderate and negative genetic correlations suggest that reduction in IPP can be obtained by selecting animals for PS, CES and EG. Genetic progress can be achieved on carcass traits without causing losses to the reproductive and growth traits
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino - Crescimento, Bovino de corte - Reprodução, Bovino de corte - Carcaças, Canchim (Bovino), Tecido adiposo, Corpo - Peso, Genetica animal, Animal genetics
Como citar
PIRES, Bruno Carlos. Parâmetros genéticos para características de crescimento, reprodutivas e de carcaça em bovinos Canchim. 2013. v, 48 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.