Enxertia em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) no controle da murcha de fitóftora (Phytophthora capsici) em ambiente protegido
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Data
2001-12
Autores
Santos, Haydée Siqueira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade de utilização da enxertia em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum, L.), visando ao controle da murcha de fitóftora, causada por Phytophthora capsici Leonian, instalou-se um experimento na Fazenda de Ensino Pesquisa e Produção de São Manuel da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas / UNESP – Campus de Botucatu. As plantas foram conduzidas em ambiente protegido, num módulo de estrutura simples, tipo arco, com 7,0 m de largura, 40,0 m de comprimento e 3,0 m de pé direito, coberto por filme de polietileno de baixa densidade de 100 micras , totalizando uma área de 280 m2. O período de condução foi de setembro de 2000 a julho de 2001. Na Fase 1 do estudo, os tratamentos se constituíram da combinação de dois híbridos, AF-2638 e AF-2640, resistentes a P, capsici utilizados como porta-enxertos, enxertados por garfagem fenda simples em três híbridos comerciais suscetíveis, ‘Magali-R’, ‘Elisa’ e ‘Margarita’ utilizados como enxertos. Estes três híbridos suscetíveis também foram utilizados como pés francos. Esta Fase foi da semeadura até a morte dos pés francos suscetíveis após a infestação do solo com o fungo, 14 dias após o transplante. A Fase 2 constou da condução das plantas enxertadas, que permaneceram vivas devido à resistência dos porta-enxertos, até a obtenção dos frutos provenientes de 9 colheitas. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com 4 repetições e 5 plantas por parcela. Na Fase 1 as características avaliadas foram a compatibilidade inicial de enxertia, expressa pela porcentagem de pegamento; resistência das plantas após a inoculação dos propágulos infectivos do fungo; evolução dos sintomas da doença nos pés francos; tempo gasto em dias da semeadura até a antese da primeira flor... .
With the purpose of verifying the viability of sweet pepper (C. annuum, L.) grafting to control Phytophthora blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici a experiment was carried out at F.C.A/UNESP, São Manuel Experimental Farm, São Paulo, Brazil, under a simple frame arctype vinil house, 7,0m wide, 40,0m long and 3,0m high, covered with a 100mm plastic film. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replication and five plants per plot and the evaluation period was from September 2000 to July 2001. In the first experimental phase three susceptible sweet pepper commercial hybrids (‘Magali-R’, ‘Elisa’ and ‘Margarita’) were cleft grafted on two resistant rootstocks (‘AF-2638’ and ‘AF-2640’) and plants were grown on soil infected with P.capsici, 14 days after transplanting. Ungrafted susceptible hybrids were utilized as a control and grafting compatibility, plant resistance, disease symptom evolution and number of days for flowering were recorded. In the second phase plant height, number weight, length and wall thickness of fruits as well as total and commercial fruit yield of the surviving plants were recorded for nine harvesting dates. Good compatibility between stock and rootstock was observed (93%) and grafted plant did not shower any symptoms of the disease during the evaluation period. The hybrid ‘Elisa’ was the most susceptible one when grown as ungrafted plants, with the faster disease evolution after soil infectation. Ungrafted plants flowered earlier than grafted ones and rootstocks interfered on plant height depending on the studied combinations. The hybrid ‘Magali’grafted on ‘AF-2639’produced the highest number of fruits. Among hybrids ‘Margarita’was intermediate as far as number and fruit weight is concerned. Grafted plants, besides... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
With the purpose of verifying the viability of sweet pepper (C. annuum, L.) grafting to control Phytophthora blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici a experiment was carried out at F.C.A/UNESP, São Manuel Experimental Farm, São Paulo, Brazil, under a simple frame arctype vinil house, 7,0m wide, 40,0m long and 3,0m high, covered with a 100mm plastic film. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replication and five plants per plot and the evaluation period was from September 2000 to July 2001. In the first experimental phase three susceptible sweet pepper commercial hybrids (‘Magali-R’, ‘Elisa’ and ‘Margarita’) were cleft grafted on two resistant rootstocks (‘AF-2638’ and ‘AF-2640’) and plants were grown on soil infected with P.capsici, 14 days after transplanting. Ungrafted susceptible hybrids were utilized as a control and grafting compatibility, plant resistance, disease symptom evolution and number of days for flowering were recorded. In the second phase plant height, number weight, length and wall thickness of fruits as well as total and commercial fruit yield of the surviving plants were recorded for nine harvesting dates. Good compatibility between stock and rootstock was observed (93%) and grafted plant did not shower any symptoms of the disease during the evaluation period. The hybrid ‘Elisa’ was the most susceptible one when grown as ungrafted plants, with the faster disease evolution after soil infectation. Ungrafted plants flowered earlier than grafted ones and rootstocks interfered on plant height depending on the studied combinations. The hybrid ‘Magali’grafted on ‘AF-2639’produced the highest number of fruits. Among hybrids ‘Margarita’was intermediate as far as number and fruit weight is concerned. Grafted plants, besides... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pimentão, Enxertia, Fungos fitopatogenicos, Phytophthora capsici
Como citar
SANTOS, Haydée Siqueira. Enxertia em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) no controle da murcha de fitóftora (Phytophthora capsici) em ambiente protegido. 2001. xii, 86 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2001.