Avaliação técnica e econômica do uso de injetor tipo Venturi associado à bomba centrífuga versus bomba do tipo pistão na quimigação via pivô central
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Data
2012-07-13
Autores
Santos, Lucas da Costa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de injetores tipo Venturi é prática comum na quimigação em sistemas de irrigação localizada, os quais geralmente operam sob baixas pressões. Seu uso em sistemas maiores, como o pivô central, pode ser encarado como alternativa às bombas injetoras do tipo pistão que são as mais difundidas no mercado. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma avaliação técnica e econômica entre o sistema montado com o injetor tipo Venturi associado à bomba centrífuga comum e o sistema de injeção por bomba do tipo pistão na quimigação em pivô central. O equipamento pivô central utilizado possui vazão de 300 m3 h-1 e área irrigada de 66 ha, estando localizado na região oeste do Estado da Bahia. O sistema de injeção era constituído de injetor Venturi de 1,5 polegadas associado a uma motobomba centrífuga de potência 2,2 kW. Para análise técnica, utilizaram-se como parâmetros de desempenho do injetor Venturi suas taxas de injeção e rendimento, sendo estes dados comparados com os do fabricante da bomba tipo pistão. Na análise econômica, buscou-se definir os custos fixos e variáveis de ambos os sistemas. Para o primeiro item dos custos foi avaliada a depreciação dos componentes dos sistemas e a remuneração de capital neles investidos. Já os custos variáveis (operação e manutenção, principalmente) abrangeram os dispêndios com lubrificantes, reparos dos equipamentos e energia elétrica. Conforme condições encontradas em campo, os ensaios com o injetor tipo Venturi resultaram em comportamento similar aos encontrados na bomba dosadora tipo pistão, uma vez que a taxa de injeção encontrada pelo primeiro injetor está dentro da faixa de atuação do segundo equipamento. O valor da taxa observada foi de 0,621m3 h-1, com rendimento de 11,13%. Quanto à parte econômica, o sistema montado com o injetor...
The use of Venturi injector is common practice in chemigation in drip irrigation systems, which generally operate at low pressures, their use in larger systems, such as the center pivot, can be seen an alternative to the piston injection pumps which are the most widespread in the market. Thus, this study aimed the technical and economical evaluation between the assembled system with Venturi type injector associated with common centrifugal pump and injection system for the piston pump in the center pivot chemigation. The equipment center pivot used has a flow rate of 300 m3 h-1 and the irrigated area of 66 hectares and is located in the western state of Bahia, Brazil. The injection system consisted of 1.5 inches Venturi injector associated with a centrifugal pump of 2.2 kW. For technical analysis, were used as performance parameters of the Venturi injector, injection rates and their yield, and these data were compared with those obtained from the manufacturer of the piston pump. In economic analysis, we sought to define the fixed and variable cost of both systems. For the first item of cost was the depreciation of the assessed components of the system and return on capital invested in then. Since variable cost (operation and maintenance, mostly) covered expenditures for lubricants, repairs of equipment and electricity. As conditions found in field trials with the Venturi type injector resulted in behavior similar to those found in piston metering pump, since the injection rate found by the first injector is in the range of action of the second device. The value of the observed rate was up to 0.621 m3 h-1 with a satisfactory yield of 11.13%. As part of the economic system mounted from a Venture type injector has a large advantage, since it showed only 15.9% of the cost of metering pump driven piston. Despite the injection system with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The use of Venturi injector is common practice in chemigation in drip irrigation systems, which generally operate at low pressures, their use in larger systems, such as the center pivot, can be seen an alternative to the piston injection pumps which are the most widespread in the market. Thus, this study aimed the technical and economical evaluation between the assembled system with Venturi type injector associated with common centrifugal pump and injection system for the piston pump in the center pivot chemigation. The equipment center pivot used has a flow rate of 300 m3 h-1 and the irrigated area of 66 hectares and is located in the western state of Bahia, Brazil. The injection system consisted of 1.5 inches Venturi injector associated with a centrifugal pump of 2.2 kW. For technical analysis, were used as performance parameters of the Venturi injector, injection rates and their yield, and these data were compared with those obtained from the manufacturer of the piston pump. In economic analysis, we sought to define the fixed and variable cost of both systems. For the first item of cost was the depreciation of the assessed components of the system and return on capital invested in then. Since variable cost (operation and maintenance, mostly) covered expenditures for lubricants, repairs of equipment and electricity. As conditions found in field trials with the Venturi type injector resulted in behavior similar to those found in piston metering pump, since the injection rate found by the first injector is in the range of action of the second device. The value of the observed rate was up to 0.621 m3 h-1 with a satisfactory yield of 11.13%. As part of the economic system mounted from a Venture type injector has a large advantage, since it showed only 15.9% of the cost of metering pump driven piston. Despite the injection system with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubos e fertilizantes - Aplicação, Bombas centrifugas, Injetores, Investimentos - Analise
Como citar
SANTOS, Lucas da Costa. Avaliação técnica e econômica do uso de injetor tipo Venturi associado à bomba centrífuga versus bomba do tipo pistão na quimigação via pivô central. 2012. x, 58 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.