Condições higiênicas e sanitárias em propriedades produtoras de leite de assentamento da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo
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Data
2011-06-22
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de verificar as condições higiênicas e sanitárias de propriedades produtoras de leite do assentamento São Sebastião (Andradina-SP), 62 propriedades foram visitadas para observação do local e realização de entrevistas individuais estruturadas, com aplicação de questionários contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas abordando desde a infraestrutura até o manejo sanitário dos animais. O tamanho médio das propriedades é de 16 hectares, com um total de 246 habitantes. Todos os entrevistados possuem casa de alvenaria, água domiciliar proveniente de poço, assim como fossa séptica para destino do esgoto. O destino do lixo doméstico mais relatado foi a incineração. Em 53,2% das propriedades a compra e venda de animais é realizada dentro do próprio assentamento. Dentre os animais que coabitam com bovinos, os cães estão presentes em maior número, sendo observados em 53,2% das propriedades. Em todos lotes há assistência veterinária dos técnicos do ITESP. A totalidade do leite é coletado em baldes ou tambores higienizados diariamente e armazenados em tanques comunitários distribuídos pelo assentamento, sendo o alizarol o único teste realizado. 100% dos assentados aplicam vacina contra febre aftosa e brucelose de acordo com os programas oficiais do governo. A mastite foi o principal problema sanitário relatado em 59,7% das propriedades. 62,9% dos proprietários entrevistados não fazem eliminação correta de carcaças. Observou-se que os agricultores realizam parte das medidas higiênicas e sanitárias, porém com algumas dificuldades socioeconômicas e até culturais e há risco de transmissão de doenças para os bovinos e humanos
In order to check the hygienic and sanitary conditions of milk-producing farms from São Sebastião settlement (Andradina-SP), 62 of the resident families were visited for local observation and interviewed by using a questionnaire with open and closed questions, which addressed since issues concerning to general infrastructure until animal health management. The average size of the settlement of the properties is 16 acres with total population is 246. All farmers interviewed (100%) have brick house, water comes from wells and the sewage is disposed in septic tanks. The incineration of domestic waste is a common practice in 90.3% of the farms. The average dairy herd cattle is 30.6 and the purchase of new animals is done from other farms within the same settlement. Dogs were observed in 53.2% of farms in close contact with bovine. In all properties veterinary care is provided by ITESP’s (Land Institute of São Paulo State). Milk is collected in buckets or drums that are daily cleaned and stored in communal tanks distributed by the settlement. Alizarol is the only test performed every day. 100% of the farmers vaccinate their animals against Foot and Mouse Disease and brucellosis, according to Official vaccination program. Mastitis was the most reported health problems, presented in 59.7% of the dairy farms. 62.9% of the interviewed owners do not eliminate correctly the carcasses. Most of the farmers perform part of the hygienic and sanitary measures, but with some socioeconomic difficulties and even cultural and there are risks of disease transmission to bovine and human
In order to check the hygienic and sanitary conditions of milk-producing farms from São Sebastião settlement (Andradina-SP), 62 of the resident families were visited for local observation and interviewed by using a questionnaire with open and closed questions, which addressed since issues concerning to general infrastructure until animal health management. The average size of the settlement of the properties is 16 acres with total population is 246. All farmers interviewed (100%) have brick house, water comes from wells and the sewage is disposed in septic tanks. The incineration of domestic waste is a common practice in 90.3% of the farms. The average dairy herd cattle is 30.6 and the purchase of new animals is done from other farms within the same settlement. Dogs were observed in 53.2% of farms in close contact with bovine. In all properties veterinary care is provided by ITESP’s (Land Institute of São Paulo State). Milk is collected in buckets or drums that are daily cleaned and stored in communal tanks distributed by the settlement. Alizarol is the only test performed every day. 100% of the farmers vaccinate their animals against Foot and Mouse Disease and brucellosis, according to Official vaccination program. Mastitis was the most reported health problems, presented in 59.7% of the dairy farms. 62.9% of the interviewed owners do not eliminate correctly the carcasses. Most of the farmers perform part of the hygienic and sanitary measures, but with some socioeconomic difficulties and even cultural and there are risks of disease transmission to bovine and human
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Palavras-chave
Assentamentos rurais - Manejo sanitário, Higiene veterinaria, Leite - Produção, Dairy cattle - Milk production, Veterinary hygiene
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Talita Carolina Bragança de. Condições higiênicas e sanitárias em propriedades produtoras de leite de assentamento da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. 2011. 64 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011.