Eficiência de utilização de nutrientes em híbridos interespecíficos de eucalipto
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Data
2013-10-29
Autores
Rosim, Camila Capodifoglio [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a eficiência de utilização de nutrientes em híbridos interespecíficos de eucalipto como subsídios para o desenvolvimento de programas de melhoramento florestal para áreas com limitações nutricionais. Para isso, foram avaliados cinco clones de híbridos resultantes do cruzamento de Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla (C1, C2, C3, C4 e C5), aos 2,25 anos de idade. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com parcelas de uma planta (“Single Tree Plot”) e 35 repetições. Para este estudo, foram abatidas quatro árvores (repetições) de desempenho médio de cada tratamento (clone), determinando-se a biomassa, os teores, conteúdos e a eficiência de utilização de N, P, K, Ca e Mg no lenho, casca, folhas e galhos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Observou-se que a alocação média de biomassa foi maior para madeira (66,33%), seguida de galhos (13,14%), folhas (11,04%) e casca (9,49%). Em termos gerais, o componente da árvore com maiores teores de nutrientes é a folha e o com menores teores é a madeira, na qual o clone C4 apresentou a maior concentração de K, Ca e Mg. Apesar dos baixos teores de nutrientes no lenho, este componente é responsável pelos maiores conteúdos de P e K, com 45 e 40% da biomassa aérea total, respectivamente. Os clones C2 e C5 destacaram-se pela maior eficiência de utilização de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, na madeira. O uso de clones eficientes na utilização de nutrientes, principalmente no caso das florestas energéticas, é essencial para a sustentabilidade do ecossistema florestal visto que a copa e a casca, em geral, não são mantidas no campo
This research was carried out to evaluate the nutrient utilization efficiency in interspecific hybrids of eucalypt as subsidies for the development of forest breeding programs for sites with nutrient limitation. For this, were evaluated five clones of interspecific hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla (C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5). The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a single tree plot with 35 replications. For this study were sampled at 2.25 years old, four trees with medium performance from each treatment (clone), dry samples of the leaves, wood, bark and branches were milled for macronutrients determination. Obtained the concentration nutrient and dry biomass of these components, the content and the nutrient utilization efficiency were calculated. It was observed that the allocation mean was higher for wood biomass (66.33%), followed branches (13.14%), leaves (11.04%) and bark (9.49%). In general, a tree component with higher concentrations of nutrients is the leaf and the lowest content is the wood, that the clone C4 had the highest concentration of K, Ca and Mg. Despite low levels of nutrients in the wood, this component is responsible for the higher contents of P and K, with 45 and 40% of the total aerial biomass, respectively. Clones C2 and C5 have higher N, P, K, Ca and Mg use efficiency in wood. The use of clones with higher nutrient utilization efficiency, especially in energy forests is essential for the forest ecosystem sustainability as the trees canopy and the barks, in general, are not maintained in the field
This research was carried out to evaluate the nutrient utilization efficiency in interspecific hybrids of eucalypt as subsidies for the development of forest breeding programs for sites with nutrient limitation. For this, were evaluated five clones of interspecific hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla (C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5). The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a single tree plot with 35 replications. For this study were sampled at 2.25 years old, four trees with medium performance from each treatment (clone), dry samples of the leaves, wood, bark and branches were milled for macronutrients determination. Obtained the concentration nutrient and dry biomass of these components, the content and the nutrient utilization efficiency were calculated. It was observed that the allocation mean was higher for wood biomass (66.33%), followed branches (13.14%), leaves (11.04%) and bark (9.49%). In general, a tree component with higher concentrations of nutrients is the leaf and the lowest content is the wood, that the clone C4 had the highest concentration of K, Ca and Mg. Despite low levels of nutrients in the wood, this component is responsible for the higher contents of P and K, with 45 and 40% of the total aerial biomass, respectively. Clones C2 and C5 have higher N, P, K, Ca and Mg use efficiency in wood. The use of clones with higher nutrient utilization efficiency, especially in energy forests is essential for the forest ecosystem sustainability as the trees canopy and the barks, in general, are not maintained in the field
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Eucalipto, Eucalipto - Nutrição, Sustentabilidade, Biomassa vegetal, Florestas, Madeira, Sustainability
Como citar
ROSIM, Camila Capodifoglio. Eficiência de utilização de nutrientes em híbridos interespecíficos de eucalipto. 2013. viii, 40 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.