Blendas de PVC/PCL foto/termo e biotratadas com fungos de solo (Phanerochaete chrysosporium e Aspergillus fumigatus)
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Data
2004-04-26
Autores
Campos, Adriana de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os plasticos constituem um dos materiais mais utilizados em nosso cotidiano. Assim, os residuos plasticos tem aumentado bastante e hoje representam 20% do total do volume de residuos, em lixoes municipais. O PVC (policloreto de vinila) e um polimero sintetico, instavel em relacao ao calor e luz, que degrada a temperatura relativamente baixa (aproximadamente 130oC), e libera HCl. A desidrocloracao gera novas especies na cadeia polimerica, ou seja, sequencias de polienos que podem ser verificadas atraves da espectroscopia de absorcao na faixa do UV-Visivel. A reciclagem do PVC apresenta algumas dificuldades intrinsecas ao comportamento do polimero, durante o processo tecnologico e, alem disso, sua biodegradacao e dificil. O PCL (poli α-caprolactona), um poliester sintetico, e sensivel a acao de enzimas microbianas, e pode sofrer hidrolise e degradacao. A mistura desses polimeros, isto e, a blenda de PVC e PCL pode constituir um meio para facilitar o ataque microbiano ao PVC, alem de melhorar ou manter as propriedades mecanicas da blenda. Processos termo e fotodegradativos podem facilitar o ataque microbiano a matriz polimerica do PVC. O presente trabalho pretende investigar a termo, foto e biotransformacao de filmes de blendas de PVC/PCL 1:1 e 3:1 com fungos de solo (Phanerochaete chrysosporium e Aspergillus fumigatus). As mudancas estruturais foram analisadas atraves da espectroscopia de absorcao no infravermelho (FTIR) e no UV-Visivel e as mudancas morfologicas, atraves de Microscopia Eletronica de Varredura (MEV)
The plastics are one of used the most materials daily. Thus, the plastics wastes have increased considerably and today represent 20% of the waste total volume in the municipal landfills. PVC (poly vinyl chloride) is a synthetic polymer, unstable in the presence of heat and light, that degrades on relative low temperature (approximately 130ºC), and releases HCl. The dehydrochlorination produces new species on polymeric chain, thus, polyenes sequences, that can be checked by the UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The recycling of PVC presents some difficulties due its behaviour during the technological processing and its biodegradation is difficult. PCL (polycaprolactone), a synthetic polyester is susceptible to enzymes action, and undergo hydrolysis and degradation. The blend of PVC and PCL can be one way to facilitate the microorganisms attack to the PVC polymer and to improve the mechanical properties of the blend. Thermal and photodegradation process can to facilite the microorganisms attack on PVC polymeric chain. The present work intends to investigate the thermal, photo and biotransformation of polymer films and blends of PVC/PCL 1:1 and 3:1 blends, with soil fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus fumigatus). The structural changes were analysed by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and the UV-Visible. The morphologics changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
The plastics are one of used the most materials daily. Thus, the plastics wastes have increased considerably and today represent 20% of the waste total volume in the municipal landfills. PVC (poly vinyl chloride) is a synthetic polymer, unstable in the presence of heat and light, that degrades on relative low temperature (approximately 130ºC), and releases HCl. The dehydrochlorination produces new species on polymeric chain, thus, polyenes sequences, that can be checked by the UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. The recycling of PVC presents some difficulties due its behaviour during the technological processing and its biodegradation is difficult. PCL (polycaprolactone), a synthetic polyester is susceptible to enzymes action, and undergo hydrolysis and degradation. The blend of PVC and PCL can be one way to facilitate the microorganisms attack to the PVC polymer and to improve the mechanical properties of the blend. Thermal and photodegradation process can to facilite the microorganisms attack on PVC polymeric chain. The present work intends to investigate the thermal, photo and biotransformation of polymer films and blends of PVC/PCL 1:1 and 3:1 blends, with soil fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus fumigatus). The structural changes were analysed by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and the UV-Visible. The morphologics changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
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Palavras-chave
Quimica organica, Fungos, FTIR, UV-Vis, MEV, PVC, PCL, Blenda
Como citar
CAMPOS, Adriana de. Blendas de PVC/PCL foto/termo e biotratadas com fungos de solo (Phanerochaete chrysosporium e Aspergillus fumigatus). 2004. v, 114 f. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2004.